Table 2. Criteria for categorization of patients with both diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HPTN) and specific instructions to follow during a minor oral surgical procedure.

Group	Description	Criteria	Specific instructions for each group in addition to a general protocol1
Group 1	1. Patients with both controlled DM and HPTN	BSL <200 mg/dL, BP <120/80 mmHg	- Procedure can be performed in a dental clinic.
	2. Patients with controlled HPTN but uncontrolled DM	BSL >200 mg/dL, BP up to 159/99 mmHg	- Procedure can be performed in a dental clinic.
			- Elective procedures should be postponed until control of sugar level.
			- Emergency procedures can be performed with physician consent (physicians may alter the dosage of oral hypoglycaemic agent or insulin).
	3. Patients with controlled DM but uncontrolled HPTN	BSL <200 mg/dL, BP >159/99 mmHg1	- Procedure can be performed in a dental clinic.
			- Elective procedures should be postponed until control of blood pressure below 159/99 mmHg.
			- Emergency procedures can be performed under hospitalization and supervision of an intensivist.
	4. Patients with both uncontrolled DM and HPTN	BSL >200 mg/dL, BP >159/99 mmHg	- Hospitalize the patient and perform the procedure under supervision of an intensivist.
Group 2	Patients with history of cardiovascular complications attributable to DM and HPTN	Complications such as myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular stroke within last 6 months or earlier and patients with compromised cardiac function like left ventricular failure, fibrillation, congestive cardiac failure irrespective of their status of controlled BP and sugar level	- Hospitalize the patient and perform the procedure under supervision of an intensivist.
			- Use of antiplatelets like aspirin or clopidogrel or both does not need to be stopped.
			- Use of heparin must be stopped six hours before surgery and can be reinstituted after surgery.
			- In case patient is under oral anticoagulants therapy like warfarin, surgical procedure can be performed safely if international normalised ratio is within the range of 2 to 3.5.
			- Use of a local haemostatic agent like ethamsylate, botropause, abgel, pressure pack, or tight sutures must be considered.

(BSL: blood sugar level, BP: blood pressure)

¹Specific instructions for each group are further described in detail in the Discussion section.