Table 2.
Attachment, counseling skills, and working alliance in TES counselor trainees.
| T1 | T2 | T3 | Test of difference | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | M (SD) | N | M (SD) | N | M (SD) | F | η2 | |
| Attachment | ||||||||
| Anxiety | 249 | 2.45 (1.02) | 217 | 2.29 (0.86) | 173 | 2.24 (0.95) | 6.02** | 0.036 |
| Avoidance | 248 | 2.24 (0.94) | 217 | 2.26 (0.90) | 173 | 2.15 (0.86) | 2.12 | 0.013 |
| Counseling skills | ||||||||
| Total | – | – | – | – | 174 | 3.61 (0.49) | – | – |
| Working alliance | ||||||||
| Total | – | – | – | – | 151 | 3.35 (0.50) | – | – |
T1 = at beginning of training; T2 = after 6 months of training; T3 = after completion of training. η2 = measure of effect size in analysis of variance. A small effect size is considered to be 0.010–0.058 (Kirk, 1996). Kirk’s criteria are for omega-squared; however, these criteria may be appropriately applied to interpreting partial eta-squared which is a similar measure of strength of association.
**
p < 0.01.