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. 2019 Sep 6;13:289. doi: 10.1186/s13256-019-2197-2

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — a The bulky mass with ulceration prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. b Spindle cells with moderate-to-marked cytologic atypia and mitotic activity (high-power view). c Computed tomography shows the enlarged axillary lymph nodes (arrow heads). d, e T1-weighted fat-saturated contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging shows a 78 × 58 mm tumor adjacent to the pectoralis major muscle with enhancement (arrow) (d). The center of the tumor is necrotic (asterisk) based on the low intensity on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (d) and high intensity on T2-weighted image (e). The pre-existing necrotic area is considered “pre-treatment necrosis” to differentiate it from post-treatment necrosis caused by neoadjuvant chemotherapy