Table 1.
Preoperative clinical characteristics for all patients and patients grouped according to diabetes status, alongside a normal weight reference population
| All patientsa (n = 220) | NDM (n = 151) | DMH-NDM (n = 34) | DMH-DMH (n = 20) | ANOVA p-valueb | Reference (n = 235) | T-test p-valuec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | mean (SD) | |||
| Age (years) | 44.6 (9.5) | 42.1 (9.0) | 50.5 (8.1)* | 51.5 (7.4)* | 7 e−9 | 45.5 (8.9)* | 2 e−4 |
| Gender (female/male) | 150/70 | 113/38 | 18/16 | 9/11 | 0.01 | 120/115 | 1 e−6 |
| Height (cm) | 171.8 (9.6) | 171.0 (9.8) | 174.5 (8.0) | 171.2 (11.4) | 0.167 | 171.0 (9.4) | 0.996 |
| Weight (kg) | 125.2 (21.6) | 126.3 (22.4) | 126.4 (20.6) | 117.6 (19.7) | 0.244 | 79.2 (15.5)* | 1 e−61 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 42.3 (5.8) | 43.1 (5.9) | 41.4 (5.4) | 40.0 (3.6)* | 0.006 | 27.0 (4.5)* | 1 e−81 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 128 (14.7) | 126.8 (14.9) | 131.2 (12.6) | 128.2 (14.7) | 0.285 | 132.1 (19.1)* | 0.004 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 82.2 (10.1) | 82.0 (11.0) | 81.4 (6.8) | 82.4 (10.1) | 0.93 | 82.3 (16.7) | 0.831 |
| HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 39.0 (9.7) | 34.5 (3.8) | 48.8 (11.7)* | 55.2 (10.0)* | 4 e−12 | 40.7 (5.8)* | 5 e−26 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.7 (0.89) | 5.3 (0.35) | 6.6 (1.07) | 6.9 (0.91) | ND | 5.9 (0.53) | ND |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.74 (1.04) | 4.98 (0.96) | 4.22 (1.11)* | 4.24 (1.17)* | 4 e−5 | 5.54 (1.07)* | 5 e−7 |
| HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.15 (0.30) | 1.19 (0.29) | 1.06 0.36) | 1.09 (0.35) | 0.038 | 1.35 (0.32)* | 2 e−6 |
| LDL-Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.88 (0.95) | 3.12 (0.85) | 2.36 (0.97)* (n = 32) | 2.27 (1.13)* (n = 18) | 1 e−6 | 3.69 0.97) (n = 67)* | 2 e−5 |
| VLDL-Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.71 (0.32) | 0.67 (0.30) | 0.75 (0.30) (n = 32) | 0.89 (0.47) (n = 18) | 0.086 | 0.58 (0.25) (n = 67)* | 0.033 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.67 (1.09) | 1.50 (0.74) | 2.11 (1.95) | 2.13 (1.26) | 0.038 | 1.28 (0.83)* | 0.008 |
| Statin treatment (+/−) | 49/171 | 12/139 | 17/17* | 13/7* | 5 e−7 | NA |
Data are reported as mean (SD). If the number of patients with available clinical data was less than 95% of the total of patients in the group, the actual number is specified. SD Standard deviation, BMI Body mass index, HbA1c Glycated hemogobin, HDL High-density lipoprotein, LDL Low-density lipoprotein, VLDL Very low-density lipoprotein, NDM Patients without diabetes mellitus (DM), DMH-NDM Patients with DM in remission after Roux-en-y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB), DMH-DMH Patients with DM not in remission after RYGB. Reference, a population of healthy individuals with normal weight. a All patients also include 15 patients who belong to other subgroups than the three showed in table; b p-value from One-way ANOVA comparing the three patient-subgroup means; c p-value from independent samples t-test comparing the reference group mean to the mean in the patient subgroup NDM. * indicates significant difference (p < 0,05) when compared to the NDM group. No significant differences were found between the two diabetes subgroups. The two diabetes subgroups were not compared to the reference group. Post hoc p-values from Tukey and Games-Howell are not shown in table. Data on statin treatment were not available (NA) for the reference population