Table 1.
Developmental comparison of nitrergic metamodulation of cycle periods and episode durations
|
|
Embryonic stage 37/38 |
Larval stage 42 |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug (action) |
CP (in milliseconds) |
Percentage difference |
ED (in seconds) |
Percentage difference |
CP (in milliseconds) |
Percentage Difference |
ED (in seconds) |
Percentage difference |
||||||
| None (control) | 46.4 ± 1.0 (27) | 0.0 ± 0.0 (27) | 52.3 ± 6.1 (27) | 0.0 ± 0.0 (27) | 52.2 ± 1.2 (33) | 0.0 ± 0.0 (33) | 30.2 ± 4.6 (33) | 0.0 ± 0.0 (33) | ||||||
| SNAP (+NO) | 56.1 ± 2.5 (8) | 22.9 ± 6.3 (8)* | 11.4 ± 1.7 (8) | −67.2 ± 6.2 (8)* | 64.8 ± 3.8 (11) | 20.3 ± 6.7 (11)* | 13.1 ± 4.5 (11) | −60.0 ± 6.9 (11)* | ||||||
| Plus PTIO (−NO) | 44.8 ± 2.5 (3) | −10.9 ± 3.4 (3)** | 22.8 ± 8.3 (3) | 251.0 ± 158.4 (3) | 53.6 ± 3.6 (6) | −15.9 ± 1.1 (6)** | 21.4 ± 1.9 (6) | 83.3 ± 28.5 (6)** | ||||||
| Plus PHEN (−NA) | 46.7 ± 1.9 (5) | −7.6 ± 0.7 (5)** | 11.9 ± 5.0 (5) | −25.3 ± 16.8 (5) | 54.3 ± 5.1 (5) | −8.8 ± 1.3 (5)** | 8.9 ± 3.5 (5) | 65.3 ± 105.8 (5) | ||||||
| PTIO (−NO) | 46.1 ± 2.7 (9) | −0.1 ± 2.2 (9) | 61.7 ± 11.1 (9) | 79.5 ± 65 (9) | 48.8 ± 1.9 (10) | −7.9 ± 2.3 (10)* | 71.9 ± 8.7 (10) | 243.6 ± 90.0 (10)* | ||||||
| Plus SNAP (+NO) | 48.8 ± 4.2 (4) | 7.4 ± 1.8 (4)* | 27.9 ± 13.5 (4) | 3.1 ± 62.7 (4) | 50.2 ± 4.7 (5) | 2.8 ± 7.1 (5) | 16.8 ± 7.1 (5) | −21.6 ± 15.5 (5) | ||||||
| Plus NA (+NA) | 59.1 ± 2.9 (5) | 25.9 ± 5.6 (5)* | 21.1 ± 5.1 (5) | −53.2 ± 8.3 (5)* | 69.6 ± 5.8 (5) | 19.9 ± 5.9 (5)* | 24.2 ± 3.1 (5) | −9.7 ± 18.5 (5) | ||||||
| NA (+NA) | 62.2 ± 3.7 (5) | 34.3 ± 7.5 (5)* | 21.5 ± 9.4 (5) | −33.5 ± 17.5 (5)* | 68.3 ± 2.1 (6) | 41.9 ± 9.4 (6)* | 9.7 ± 2.7 (6) | −46.1 ± 13.9 (6)* | ||||||
| Plus PTIO (−NO) | 58.0 ± 2.7 (5) | −6.4 ± 3.6 (5) | 34.2 ± 6.8 (5) | 131.6 ± 57.9 (5) | 65.9 ± 2.8 (6) | −2.9 ± 4.5 (6) | 19.9 ± 13.8 (6) | −1.8 ± 20.6 (6) | ||||||
| PHEN (−NA) | 50.0 ± 2.2 (5) | 6.4 ± 1.6 (5)* | 53.5 ± 21.6 (5) | −25.9 ± 18.8 (5) | 43.0 ± 1.7 (6) | −5.6 ± 4.3 (6) | 37.7 ± 21.6 (6) | −1.7 ± 20.3 (6) | ||||||
| Plus SNAP (+NO) |
52.2 ± 3.8 (5) |
10.4 ± 3.2 (5)*
|
20.3 ± 12.9 (5) |
−75.0 ± 11.8 (5)*
|
47.3 ± 1.5 (6) |
3.4 ± 3.2 (6) |
7.1 ± 1.4 (6) |
−61.7 ± 13.9 (6)*
|
||||||
Data are expressed as means ± SEM with the n in parentheses. Statistical evaluations between animals were performed on percentage values as detailed in Materials and Methods. Note that percentage differences are from the corresponding control values and not from the control values given in the top column. This is present only for the purposes of comparison. *p < 0.05 significance determined by Student's paired t test with corresponding control values. **p < 0.05 significance determined by Student's paired t test with previous drug values. CP, Cycle period; ED, episode duration; PHEN, phentolamine.