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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2019 Jul 31;9(9):977–985. doi: 10.1002/alr.22357

Figure 3. Former smokers who quit ≤ 15 years ago, but not those who quit >15 years ago, have worse odor identification scores than never smokers.

Figure 3

n=3528. Ordinal logistic regression with survey weights. Odds ratios for higher score on odor identification test. The effect of age is per decade increase. Education treated as a continuous measure with integer scores for education level (higher scores = more education). Cognition measured using z-scores for performance on SPMSQ or MoCA-SA.