TABLE 2. Cause-specific pregnancy-related mortality, by race/ethnicity — Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System, United States, 2007–2016.
| Cause of death | Proportionate cause of death by race/ethnicity* No. (%) attributed to each cause |
Total deaths | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White | Black | AI/AN | A/PI | Hispanic | ||
| Hemorrhage |
250 (9.1) |
237 (9.7) |
23 (19.7)† |
66 (19.5)† |
173 (15.8)† |
752 (11.1)
|
| Infection |
418 (15.2) |
235 (9.7)§ |
10 (8.5)§ |
51 (15.0) |
183 (16.7) |
900 (13.3)
|
| Amniotic fluid embolism |
147 (5.3) |
106 (4.4) |
3 (2.6) |
51 (15.0)† |
58 (5.3) |
365 (5.4)
|
| Thrombotic pulmonary or other embolism |
246 (8.9) |
265 (10.9)† |
9 (7.7) |
11 (3.2)§ |
88 (8.0) |
624 (9.2)
|
| Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy |
184 (6.7) |
200 (8.2)† |
15 (12.8)† |
21 (6.2) |
106 (9.7)† |
528 (7.8)
|
| Anesthesia complications |
7 (0.3) |
14 (0.6) |
0 (0.0) |
3 (0.9) |
6 (0.5) |
30 (0.4)
|
| Cerebrovascular accidents |
207 (7.5) |
148 (6.1)§ |
6 (5.1) |
37 (10.9)† |
92 (8.4) |
490 (7.2)
|
| Cardiomyopathy |
288 (10.4) |
345 (14.2)† |
17 (14.5) |
21 (6.2)§ |
75 (6.8)§ |
748 (11.1)
|
| Other cardiovascular conditions |
465 (16.9) |
393 (16.2) |
13 (11.1) |
38 (11.2)§ |
124 (11.3)§ |
1,035 (15.3)
|
| Other noncardiovascular medical conditions |
384 (13.9) |
343 (14.1) |
16 (13.7) |
26 (7.7)§ |
130 (11.9) |
903 (13.3)
|
| Unknown |
160 (5.8) |
146 (6.0) |
5 (4.3) |
14 (4.1) |
61 (5.6) |
390 (5.8)
|
| Total | 2,756 | 2,432 | 117 | 339 | 1,096 | 6,765¶ |
Abbreviations: AI/AN = American Indian/Alaska Native; A/PI = Asian/Pacific Islander.
* Black, white, AI/AN, and A/PI women were non-Hispanic; Hispanic women could be of any race.
† Significantly higher proportion of pregnancy-related deaths compared with that among white women, p<0.05.
§ Significantly lower proportion of pregnancy-related deaths compared with that among white women, p<0.05.
¶ Twenty-five pregnancy-related deaths with unknown race/ethnicity were included in the total but not elsewhere in the table.