Table 2. Histologic difference between patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy and upfront surgery.
| GnP | UP | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Median (min-max) | Median (min-max) | P value | |
| Microscopic tumor volume (mm3) | 16950 (825–209300) | 24240 (770–92500) | 0.0471 * |
| Lymph nodes with metastasis (n) | 1 (0–6) | 2 (0–20) | 0.0341 * |
| Necrosis (%) | 7.5 (5–70) | 5.0 (0–60) | 0.8845 |
| Tumor-stroma ratio | 40 (5–90) | 55 (30–90) | 0.0053 * |
| Number (%) | Number (%) | ||
| Histologic differentiation | |||
| Well | 11 (28) | 15 (36) | 0.4112 |
| Moderate | 23 (58) | 18 (43) | |
| Poor | 6 (15) | 9 (21) | |
| Stromal pattern | |||
| Intermediate | 31 (78) | 31 (74) | |
| Medullary | 4 (10) | 10 (24) | 0.0746 |
| Scirrhous | 5 (13) | 1 (2) | |
| Lymphatic invasion | |||
| 0 | 5 (13) | 3 (7) | 0.0533 |
| 1 | 31 (78) | 25 (60) | |
| 2 | 4 (10) | 10 (24) | |
| 3 | 0 (0) | 4 (10) | |
| Vascular invasion | |||
| 0 | 1 (3) | 2 (5) | 0.0418 * |
| 1 | 27 (68) | 17 (40) | |
| 2 | 7 (18) | 19 (45) | |
| 3 | 5 (13) | 4 (10) | |
| Surgical margin | |||
| 0 | 34 (85) | 29 (69) | 0.0870 |
| 1 | 6 (15) | 13 (31) | |
| T | |||
| 1 | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0.3495 |
| 2 | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | |
| 3 | 38 (95) | 38 (90) | |
| 4 | 2 (5) | 1 (2) | |
| N | |||
| 0 | 15 (38) | 10 (24) | 0.1783 |
| 1 | 25 (63) | 32 (76) | |
| Inflammation | |||
| Lymphoplasmacytic | 9 (23) | 10 (24) | 0.8883 |
| Neutrophilic | 31 (78) | 32 (76) | |
| Fibrosis in the tumor | |||
| Mature | 34 (85) | 27 (64) | 0.0317 * |
| Immature | 6 (15) | 15 (36) | |
| Encapsulating fibrosis | |||
| Negative | 14 (35) | 37 (88) | <0.0001 * |
| Positive | 26 (65) | 5 (12) |
*, P<0.05 between GnP and UP groups by Mann-Whitney U test or chi-square tests. Pathological scores were determined according to General Rules of Japan Pancreas Society, 7th edition. T and N stages were determined according to UICC 8th edition. GnP, gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel; NAT, neoadjuvant treatment; UP, upfront surgery.