Table 4. Characteristics of patients with encapsulating fibrosis in the GnP group.
| Negative | Positive | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 14 cases | 26 cases | ||
| Median (min-max) | Median (min-max) | ||
| Age (years) | 66.0 (36–76) | 66.5 (39–81) | 0.9209 |
| Reduction rate of CEA levels | 0.1 (-0.6–0.5) | 1.5 (-0.8–2.9) | 0.2357 |
| Reduction rate of CA19-9 levels | -0.9 (-1.0–0.7) | -0.9 (-1.0–0.4) | 0.9066 |
| Reduction rate of tumor volume (CT) | -0.4 (-0.7–0.4) | -0.5 (-0.9–0) | 0.1688 |
| Microscopic tumor volume (mm3) | 20675 (3250–46200) | 16620 (825–209300) | 0.6298 |
| No. of lymph nodes with metastasis | 1 (0–6) | 1.3 (0–5) | 0.7238 |
| Necrosis (%) | 10 (5–60) | 5 (5–70) | 0.4865 |
| Tumor-stroma ratio (%) | 50 (10–80) | 35 (5–90) | 0.1232 |
| Number (%) | Number (%) | ||
| Sex | |||
| Male | 7 (50) | 8 (31) | 0.2308 |
| Female | 7 (50) | 18 (69) | |
| Resectability | |||
| BR | 13 (93) | 25 (96) | 0.6482 |
| UR | 1 (7) | 1 (4) | |
| Surgical margin | |||
| 0 | 13 (93) | 21 (81) | 0.3072 |
| 1 | 1 (7) | 5 (19) | |
| T | |||
| 3 | 13 (93) | 25 (96) | 0.2080 |
| 4 | 1 (7) | 1 (4) | |
| N | |||
| 0 | 5 (36) | 10 (38) | 0.8641 |
| 1 | 9 (64) | 16 (62) | |
| Histologic differentiation | |||
| Well | 2 (14) | 9 (35) | 0.3496 |
| Moderately | 10 (71) | 13 (50) | |
| Poorly | 2 (14) | 4 (15) | |
| Stromal pattern | |||
| Intermediate | 12 (86) | 19 (73) | 0.8580 |
| Medullary | 1 (7) | 3 (12) | |
| Scirrhous | 1 (7) | 4 (15) | |
| Lymphatic invasion | |||
| 0 | 1 (7) | 4 (15) | 0.6398 |
| 1 | 11 (79) | 20 (77) | |
| 2 | 2 (14) | 2 (8) | |
| Vascular invasion | |||
| 0 | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 0.8456 |
| 1 | 9 (64) | 18 (69) | |
| 2 | 3 (21) | 4 (15) | |
| 3 | 2 (14) | 3 (12) | |
| Histologic evaluation for treatment effect | |||
| Japan Pancreas Society | |||
| 1a | 6 (43) | 13 (50) | 0.7811 |
| 1b | 6 (43) | 11 (42) | |
| 2 | 2 (14) | 2 (8) | |
| Evans | |||
| I | 6 (43) | 13 (50) | 0.7811 |
| IIa | 6 (43) | 11 (42) | |
| IIb | 2 (14) | 2 (8) | |
| CAP | |||
| 2 | 0 (0) | 2 (8) | 0.2870 |
| 3 | 14 (100) | 24 (92) | |
| Inflammation | |||
| Lymphoplasmacytic | 1 (7) | 8 (31) | 0.0879 |
| Neutrophilic | 13 (93) | 18 (69) | |
| Fibrosis in the tumor | |||
| Mature | 13 (93) | 21 (81) | 0.3072 |
| Immature | 1 (7) | 5 (19) | |
Scores were determined according to criteria of the Japan Pancreas Society, Evans, and College of American Pathologists (CAP). GnP, gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel; No., number CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19–9; CT, computed tomography.