Table 1.
Clinical, cardiac arrest, and resuscitation characteristics.
| Variable | N (%) Median [IQR] |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 2.1 [0.27, 9.1] |
| Male | 56 (63%) |
| Race | |
| White | 46 (52%) |
| Black | 19 (21%) |
| Other | 24 (27%) |
| Hispanic | 14 (16%) |
| Pre-Cardiac Arrest PCPC Score | |
| 1 = Normal | 57 (64%) |
| 2 = Mild Disability | 12 (13%) |
| 3 = Moderate Disability | 8 (9%) |
| 4 = Severe Disability | 9 (10%) |
| 5 = Coma or Vegetative State | 3 (3%) |
| Pre-Existing Condition | 68 (76%) |
| Pre-Cardiac Arrest Ventilation | 34 (38%) |
| Congenital Heart Disease | 33 (37%) |
| Respiratory Failure | 23 (26%) |
| Pre-Cardiac Arrest Vasoactive Infusions | 18 (20%) |
| Chronic Tracheostomy-Ventilator | 16 (18%) |
| In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest | 58 (65%) |
| In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Location (N=58) | |
| Cardiac ICU | 24 (41 %) |
| Pediatric ICU | 15 (26%) |
| Emergency Department | 8 (14%) |
| Floor | 8 (14%) |
| Other | 3 (5%) |
| Witnessed Cardiac Arrest | 64 (72%) |
| Bystander CPR for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (N=31) | 25 (81 %) |
| CPR Duration (minutes) (N=70) | 10 [4, 20] |
| Initial Rhythm | |
| Asystole | 16 (18%) |
| Pulseless Electrical Activity | 10 (11%) |
| Bradycardia | 33 (37%) |
| Ventricular Fibrillation or Tachycardia | 11 (12%) |
| Other/Unknown | 19 (21%) |
| Cardiac Arrest Cause (may have >1) | |
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome | 5 (6%) |
| Drowning | 9 (10%) |
| Shock | 38 (43%) |
| Respiratory Failure | 34 (38%) |
| Trauma | 8 (9%) |
| Epinephrine Doses | |
| 0 | 14 (1 6%) |
| 1 | 15 (17%) |
| 2 | 10 (11%) |
| 3 | 18 (20%) |
| 4 | 7 (8%) |
| ≥5 | 20 (22%) |
| Unknown | 5 (6%) |
| Initial Lactate (N=82) | 5.0 [2.8, 8.4] |
| Lowest pH Initial 24 Hours After Cardiac Arrest (N=88) | 7.20 [7.03, 7.29] |
| Intubated | 67 (76%) |
| Induced Hypothermia | 10 (11%) |
| Pentobarbital Infusion | 3 (3%) |
| Benzodiazepine Infusion | 69 (78%) |
| Benzodiazepine Bolus | 56 (63%) |
| Glasgow Coma Scale - Eye Opening (N=77) | |
| Spontaneously | 12 (16%) |
| To Speech | 5 (6%) |
| To Pain | 4 (5%) |
| No Response | 56 (73%) |
| Glasgow Coma Scale - Best Verbal Response (N=77) | |
| Oriented | 0 (0%) |
| Confused | 2 (3%) |
| Inappropriate Words | 0 (0%) |
| Incomprehensible Sounds | 1 (1%) |
| No Response | 74 (96%) |
| Glasgow Coma Scale - Best Motor Score (N=76) | |
| Obeys Commands | 6 (8%) |
| Moves to Localized Pain | 3 (4%) |
| Flexion Withdrawal from Pain | 15 (20%) |
| Abnormal Flexion | 2 (3%) |
| Abnormal Extension | 0 (0%) |
| No Response | 50 (65%) |
| Mortality | 30 (34%) |
| Unfavorable Neurobehavioral Outcome | 44 (49%) |
CPR: cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ICU: intensive care unit, IQR: interquartile range, PCPC: pediatric cerebral performance category.