Table 2.

Biomarkers significantly associated with physical outcome after ischemic stroke by time after stroke

Time after stroke	Biomarker associated with physical outcome				Article Reference Numbers
	Immune response	Lipids/Metabolism	Neuronal function	Blood vessel/Circulation
1 month	CRP, WBC	Cholesterol, LDL-C		CrCl, D-Dimer, Fibrinogen, Hematocrit, Hemoglobin, Troponin	[49,61]
3 months	Adiponectin, CCL11, Copeptin, CRP, GDF-15, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, MCP1, Osteopontin, TNFα	Glucose, HDL-C	BDNF, Glutamate, GOT, GPT	Endostatin, eGFR, Fibrinogen, Fibronectin, MR-proANP, proMMP-10	[28-31,37,38,54-60]
6 months	CCL11	Glucose			[39,56]

BDNF = Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; CCL11 = C-C motif chemokine 11; CrCl = Creatinine Clearance; CRP = C-reactive protein; eGFR = Estimated glomerular filtration rate; GDF-15 = Growth Differentiation Factor-15; GOT = Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GPT = Glutamic pyruvic transaminase; HDL-C = High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IL = Interleukin; LDL-C = Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MCP1 = Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; MMP = Matrix Metalloproteinase; MR-proANP = Midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide; TNFα = Tumor necrosis factor-alpha; WBC = White blood cell.