Table 1.
Full names and identifiers of proteins discussed in this review.
| section | protein name |
gene | accession (NCBI; UniProt) | function(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| abbreviation | full name(s) | ||||
| mitochondrial dynamics | Mfn1 | Mitofusin 1 | MFN1 | 55669; Q8IWA4 | outer membrane fusion |
| Mfn2 | Mitofusin 2 | MFN2 | 9927; O95140 | outer membrane fusion; ER–mitochondria contact | |
| Opa1 | OPA1 mitochondrial dynamin-like GTPase | OPA1 | 4976; O60313 | inner membrane fusion | |
| Drp1 | dynamin-1-like protein; Drp1 | DNM1L | 10059; O00429 | mitochondrial fission | |
| Fis1 | mitochondrial fission protein 1 | FIS1 | 51024; Q9Y3D6 | mitochondrial fission | |
| Mff | mitochondrial fission factor | MFF | 56947; Q9GZY8 | mitochondrial fission | |
| Mid51 | mitochondrial dynamics protein 51 | MIEF1 | 54471; L0R8F8 | mitochondrial fission | |
| Mid49 | mitochondrial dynamics protein 49 | MIEF2 | 125170; Q96C03 | mitochondrial fission | |
| organelle contact site | hTom70 | translocase of the outer membrane 70 | TOMM70 | 9868; O94826 | protein import; ER–mitochondria contact |
| VDAC1 | voltage-dependent anion channel 1 | VDAC1 | 7416; P21796 | ER–mitochondria contact; ion permeability | |
| IP3R3 | inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 | ITPR3 | 3710; Q14573 | ER contact sites; calcium transport | |
| RMDN3 | regulator of microtubule dynamics protein 3 | RMDN3 | 55177; Q96TC7 | ER contact sites; calcium transport | |
| VAPB | VAMP associated protein B and C | VAPB | 9217; O95292 | ER contact sites | |
| Vps13a | vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog A | VPS13A | 23230; Q96RL7 | ER contact sites; lipid transfer | |
| Pdzd8 | PDZ containing 8 | PDZD8 | 118987; Q8NEN9 | ER contact sites; calcium transport | |
| metabolism | mTOR | mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; serine/threonine protein kinase mammalian target of rapamycin | MTOR | 2475; P42345 | metabolic regulation; cell growth |
| p53 | tumour protein 53 | TP53 | 7157; P04637 | metabolic regulation; cell survival | |
| calcium homeostasis | SLC8A3 | solute carrier family 8 member A3 | SLC8A3 | 6547; P57103 | calcium transport |
| MCU | mitochondrial calcium uniporter | MCU | 90550; Q8NE86 | calcium transport | |
| MICU1 | mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 | MICU1 | 10367; Q9BPX6 | calcium transport, regulation | |
| MICU2 | mitochondrial calcium uptake 2 | MICU2 | 221154; Q8IYU8 | calcium transport, regulation | |
| hMia40 | coiled-coil–helix–coiled-coil–helix domain containing 4; mitochondrial intermembrane space import and assembly 40 homolog | CHCHD4 | 131474; Q8N4Q1 | protein import; calcium transport regulation | |
| immune signalling | MAVS | mitochondrial antiviral signalling protein | MAVS | 57506; Q7Z434 | immune signalling |
| TRADD | TNFRSF1A associated via death domain | TRADD | 8717; Q15628 | immune signalling | |
| TRAF3 | TNF receptor-associated factor 3 | TRAF3 | 7187; Q13114 | immune signalling | |
| STING | transmembrane protein 173; stimulator of interferon genes | TMEM173 | 340061; Q86WV6 | immune signalling | |
| IRF3 | interferon regulatory factor 3 | IRF3 | 3661; Q14653 | immune signalling | |
| IRF7 | interferon regulatory factor 7 | IRF7 | 3665; Q92985 | immune signalling | |
| NLRX1 | NLR family member X1 | NLRX1 | 79671; Q86UT6 | immune signalling | |
| NLRP3 | NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 | NLRP3 | 114548; Q96P20 | immune signalling | |
| IL-1β | interleukin 1 beta | IL1B | 3553; P011584 | immune signalling | |
| cell differentiation | Ras | K-Ras proto-oncogene, GTPase | KRAS | 3845; P01116 | cell proliferation |
| Raf | Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase | RAF1 | 5894; P04049 | cell proliferation | |
| Pdk2 | pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 | PDK2 | 5164; Q15119 | metabolism regulation | |
| Oct4 | POU class 5 homeobox | POU5F1 | 5460; Q01860 | stem cell differentiation | |
| Sox2 | SRY-box transcription factor 2 | SOX2 | 6657; P48431 | stem cell differentiation | |
| Nanog | Nanog homeobox | NANOG | 79923; Q9H9S0 | stem cell differentiation | |
| ZFP42 | ZFP42 zinc finger protein | ZFP42 | 132625; Q96MM3 | stem cell pluripotency | |
| cell death | Bax | BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator | BAX | 581; Q07812 | intrinsic apoptosis |
| Bak | BCL2 antagonist/killer1 | BAK1 | 578; Q16611 | intrinsic apoptosis | |
| Cyt c | cytochrome c, somatic | CYCS | 54205; P99999 | intrinsic apoptosis | |
| Diablo | Diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein | DIABLO | 56616; Q9NR28 | intrinsic apoptosis | |
| Htra2 | HtrA serine peptidase 2 | HTRA2 | 27429; O43464 | intrinsic apoptosis | |
| EndoG | endonuclease G | ENDOG | 2021; Q14249 | caspase-independent apoptosis | |
| AIF | apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria associated 1 | AIFM1 | 9131; O95831 | caspase-independent apoptosis | |
| VDAC2 | voltage-dependent anion channel 2 | VDAC2 | 7417; P45880 | intrinsic apoptosis; ion permeability | |
| mitochondrial quality control | ATF5 | activating transcription factor 5 | ATF5 | 22809; Q9Y2D1 | mitochondrial unfolded protein response |
| ATF4 | activating transcription factor 4 | ATF4 | 468; P18848 | integrated stress response | |
| hTim17a | translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 17A | TIMM17A | 10440; Q99595 | protein import; mitochondrial stress response | |
| MCL1 | MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member; myeloid cell leukaemia 1 | MCL1 | 4170; Q07820 | intrinsic apoptosis | |
| PINK1 | PTEN-induced kinase 1 | PINK1 | 65018; Q9BXM7 | mitophagy | |
| PARKIN | Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase | PRKN | 5071; O60260 | mitophagy | |
| PARL | presenilin-associated rhomboid like | PARL | 55486; Q9H300 | mitophagy | |
| hTom22 | translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 22 | TOMM22 | 56993; Q9NS69 | protein import; mitophagy | |
| FUNDC1 | FUN14 domain containing 1 | FUNDC1 | 139341; Q8IVP5 | mitophagy | |
| BCL2L13 | BCL2-like 13 | BCL2L13 | 23786; Q9BXK5 | mitophagy | |