Table 3. Risk factors for CVD in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Independent variables	All the subjects				Obstructive sleep apnea
	Odd ratio	95% CI	P value		Odd ratio	95% CI	P value
Age (years)	1.048	1.025–1.071	<0.001*		1.048	1.023–1.074	<0.001*
Male gender	1.468	0.730–2.951	0.281		1.358	0.619–2.979	0.446
BMI (kg/m2)	1.005	0.960–1.053	0.818		1.005	0.957–1.056	0.835
AHI (events/h)	1.021	1.008–1.034	0.002*		1.026	1.011–1.041	<0.001*
Mean SpO2 (%)	0.923	0.798–1.067	0.278		0.936	0.804–1.089	0.390
LSpO2 (%)	0.991	0.967–1.016	0.483		0.989	0.963–1.015	0.411
TS90 (%)	1.014	0.987–1.041	0.327		1.015	0.987–1.044	0.304
MHR	1.187	1.130–1.246	<0.001*		1.190	1.128–1.256	<0.001*
Cigarette smoking	1.145	0.600–2.185	0.680		1.151	0.578–2.292	0.689
Hypertension	0.559	0.312–1.003	0.051		0.502	0.265–0.953	0.035*
Diabetes mellitus	0.759	0.434–1.328	0.334		0.867	0.474–1.585	0.643
Dyslipidemia	1.101	0.623–1.947	0.740		1.056	0.567–1.968	0.863

CVD, cardiovascular disease; BMI, body mass index; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; Mean SpO₂, mean oxygen saturation; LSpO₂, lowest pulse oxygen saturation; TS90, the percentage of sleep duration with SpO₂ <90%; MHR, monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. *P<0.05: statistical significance.