Fig. 4.
Characteristics of the compensated state of diabetic bladder dysfunction at 3 mo after streptozotocin (STZ). A and B: force to exogenous addition of ATP (A) and carbachol (B) was measured in isolated bladder smooth muscles from animals in the high-fat diet (HFD)/STZ and age-matched control groups. The HFD/STZ group exhibited a significant increase in the force response to both ATP and carbachol compared with the age-matched control group. C: muscarinic M3 receptor levels within the urinary smooth muscle were not significantly different between HFD/STZ and age-matched control groups. D: force in response to electrical field stimulation and the effects of atropine were not significantly different between HFD/STZ and age-matched control groups. Statistical comparisons were made using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and a Bonferroni posttest (n = 4–6). *P ≤ 0.05 compared with the control group.