Table 1.

Summary of vessels analyzes in COPD with PH

Publication year	First author	Journal	CT findings	Qualitative /quantitative /Automated /manual	No. of patients	Screened population	Search for
2014	Iyer et al107	Chest	MAP/AO>1 better than echocardiography to evaluate PH in COPD patients	Quantitative manual	60	Severe COPD	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg
2017	Iliaz S et al108	Clin Respir J	MAP/AO correlated with PH, number of exacerbation, not with mortality	Quantitative manual	156	COPD exacerbation	Number of COPD exacerbation 1 year after the first one
2017	Cuttica MJ et al109	Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis	MAP/AO associated with pulmonary hemodynamics and right heart structure and function changes	Semi-quantitative manual	88	Mil-to-moderately severe COPD	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg
2016	Ortaç Ersoy E et al110	J Crit Care	MAP/AO≥1 associated with pulmonary hypertension, but not with mortality	Quantitative manual	106	COPD	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg
2016	Coste F et al86	Thorax	% cross-sectional area of small pulmonary vessels <5 mm2 (%CSA<5) is negatively correlated to mPAP for moderated PH (25–35 mmHg), and positively correlated to mPAP for severe PH (>35 mmHg)	Quantitative automated	105	COPD	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg 35 mmHg
2012	Wells JM et al111	NEJM	MAP/AO>1 associated with severe COPD exacerbation	Quantitative manual	3464	Smokers with COPD	COPD exacerbation
2015	Compton GL et al112	AJR	Description of technical measurements of MAP/AO in children, threshold is greater than 1, closer to 1.09	Quantitative manual	400	General children population	Threshold of MAP/AO in children
2011	Chan AL et al21	BMC Med Imaging	Significant predictors of PH: MAP≥ 29 mm, MAP/AO≥ 0.84, MAP/descending aorta≥ 1.29 mm	Quantitative manual	101	Heterogenous diagnoses	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg
1998	Tan RT et al113	Chest	MAP≥ 29 mm. Artery to bronchus ratio ≥1 in 3 or 4 lobes	Quantitative manual	28	Parenchymal lung disease	mPAP ≥ 20 mmHg
2012	Truong QA et al114	Circ Cardiovasc Imaging	MAP≥ 29 mm in men, MAP≥ 27 mm in women, MAP/AO≥ 0.9	Quantitative manual	3171	Asymptomatic community-based population	90th percentile
2014	Shin S et al115	Repir Med	MAP/AO>1 associated with PH in patients with COPD, independent predictor of mortality	Quantitative manual	65	Advanced COPD	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg survival
2016	Mohamed Hoesein FA et al116	Lung	MAP≥ 30 mm and MAP/AO> 1 associated with PH	Quantitative manual	92	COPD	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg
2016	Wells JM et al117	Chest	MAP/AO>1 predict exacerbation of COPD	Quantitative manual	134	Patient with acute exacerbation of COPD	Predict clinical outcome with MAP/AO
2015	Wells JM et al118	Circ Cardiovasc Imaging	Intraparenchymal pulmonary blood vessel volume and the volume of distal vessels with cross-sectional area (CSA) of <5 mm2 negatively correlated with MAP/AO. MAP/AO, MAP negatively correlated with 6MWT	Quantitative automated	24	Non severe COPD	MAP/AO>1
2017	Terzikhan N et al119	Eur Respir J	In general population, MAP/AO >1 not associated with mortality. In COPD population, MAP/AO >1 associated with mortality	Quantitative manual	2197	General and COPD populations	Pronostic information of MAP/AO
2009	Revel MP et al120	Radiology	Decreased pulmonary arterial distensibility in PH, ECG-gated CT	Quantitative manual	45	Different group 1, 2 etiology of PH	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg
2014	Pienn M et al123	Eur Radiol	Reduced bolus propagation speed and time differences between contrast material peaks in PH patients, using dynamic-contrast-enhanced CT	Quantitative semi-automated	33	Different potential etiology of PH, notably lung disease, and control patients	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg
2010	Devaraj A et al124	Radiology	MAP/AO and Artery to bronchus ratio correlated with mPAP	Quantitative manual	77	Spectrum of disease associated with PH (Groups 1, 3, 4,5)	mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg 34 mmHg
Size of segmental arterial diameter correlated positively with mPAP
2010	Matsuoka S et al44	Am J Respir Crit Care Med	% cross-sectional area of small pulmonary vessels <5 mm2 (%CSA<5) is negatively correlated to mPAP for moderated PH, in severe emphysema population	Quantitative automated	79	COPD	Correlation with mPAP
2015	Ando K et al79	Lung	%CSA<5 used to assess pulmonary vasodilators longitudinal evaluation	Quantitative automated	42	COPD	Effect of pulmonary vasodilators in COPD-PH patients
2017	Ma J et al78	J Xray Sci Technol	3D tool able to detect the mean lumen area that was negatively correlated with MAP, and mean number of vessels negatively correlated with emphysema (LAA%, −950 HU)	Quantitative automated	102	Heavy smokers	Computerized scheme to detect pulmonary vessels
2011	Matsuoka S et al76	Acad. Radiol.	Negative correlation between %CSA<5 and LAA%	Quantitative automated	191	Smoking history	Evaluate correlation small vessels- emphysema
2011	Uejima I et al128	Jpn J Radiol	Positive correlation between %CSA<5 and FEV1/FVC	Quantitative automated	30	Non smokers	Evaluate correlation small vessels- PFTs
2013	Park S et al129	Med Phys	Assessing volumetric technic allowing pulmonary artery/vein separation	Quantitative automated	10	COPD	Evaluate volumetric technic allowing pulmonary artery/vein separation
2016	Iyer S et al130	Am J Respir Crit Care Med	After sildenafil arterial CSA and perfused blood volume decreased only in centriacinar emphysema patients, using dual-energy CT perfused blood volume	Quantitative automated	17	Current smokers	Effect of sildenafil on vascular perfusion
2016	Payer C et al131	Med Image Anal	Assessing 3D technic allowing pulmonary artery/vein separation	Quantitative automated	25	Lung vascular disease	Evaluate 3D technic allowing pulmonary artery/vein separation
2016	Charbonnier JP et al132	IEEE Trans Med Imaging	Automatic separation and classification of pulmonary arteries and veins using CT with an accuracy of 0.89	Quantitative automated	55	Lung cancer	Evaluate separation and classification of pulmonary arteries/veins
2019	Coste F et al102	Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis	% cross-sectional area of small pulmonary vessels <5 mm2 (%CSA<5) is positively correlated to mPAP for severe PH (>35 mmHg)	Quantitative automated	24	COPD	mPAP ≥35 mmHg

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CT, computed tomography; PH, pulmonary hypertension.