Table 1.

The summarization of the relationship between gut microbiota and circadian clock.

Conditions	Gut microbiota	Circadian clock	Reference
Jet lag	Loss of oscillations in Ruminococcaceae	Bmal, Rev-erbα, and RORγt	[66]
High-fat, high-sugar diet	Increase in ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes and Ruminococcus	Per2	[69]
Cyanobacteria	Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942	kaiA, kaiB, and kaiC	[70]
Human	Enterobacter aerogenes	Melatonin	[72]
Antibiotic treatment or germ-free mice	Antibiotic-induced gut microbial alterations or the absence of gut microbes	RORα, RevErbα, Bmal1, Cry1, Per1, and Per2	[73, 74]
Fecal transplantation from high-fat-diet-fed donors	Increase in Firmicutes and decrease in Bacteriodetes	Bmal1, Per2, Rev-erba, and Dbp	[75]