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. 2019 Sep 3;14:2003–2013. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S210897

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© 2019 Tavakoli et al.

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Trends in annual per-patient costs of COPD inhaled therapies from 1997 to 2015*.

Notes: *Numbers in brackets in the legend give the average change between consecutive years. The baseline year for the trend is the first year of the medication’s presence in BC: 1997 for ICS, SABA, SAMA, LABA, and SAMA/SABA, 1999 for ICS/LABA, 2002 for LAMA, 2013 for LAMA/LABA (which is not presented in the figure due to the short duration).

Abbreviations: ICS, inhaled corticosteroids; LABA, long-acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonists; LAMA, and long-acting muscarinic agents; SABA, short-acting beta-agonists; SAMA, short-acting muscarinic agents.