Table 2.
Factors associated with the number of dispensed canisters of inhaled therapy in COPD patients
| ICS | LABA | LAMA | SAMA | SABA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (per 10 years) | 8.26% (7.61, 8.90%)* | 9.66% (8.85, 10.47%)* | 13.17% (8.93, 17.58%)* | 16.48% (14.93, 18.04%)* | −5.06% (−5.75, −4.38%)* |
| Sex (Female vs Male) | 2.62% (1.16, 4.09%)* | 1.05% (−0.79, 2.93%) | −7.63% (−14.91, 0.26%) | −1.11% (−4.07, 1.94%) | −7.62% (−9.25, −5.97%)* |
| Rural vs Urban | 8.72% (6.62, 10.86%)* | 2.42% (−0.15, 5.05%) | 40.74% (19.55, 65.68%)* | 26.92% (21.90, 32.15%)* | 14.03% (11.43, 16.69%)* |
| Socioeconomic statusa | |||||
| Quantile 1 | Reference | ||||
| Quantile 2 | −2.26% (−4.28, −0.21%)* | 1.61% (−1.12, 4.42%) | 0.74% (−12.09, 15.45%) | −8.86% (−12.60, −4.96%)* | −9.31% (−11.50, −7.07%)* |
| Quantile 3 | −4.17% (−6.20, −2.10%)* | 1.93% (−0.90, 4.85%) | −0.96% (−12.34, 11.90%) | −11.88% (−15.82, −7.74%)* | −13.37% (−15.62, −11.07%)* |
| Quantile 4 | −3.26% (−5.42, −1.06%)* | 3.91% (0.98, 6.92%)* | 11.08% (−5.80, 30.97%) | −12.63% (−16.72, −8.34%)* | −16.65% (−18.89, −14.35%)* |
| Quantile 5 | −2.79% (−5.04, −0.49%)* | 6.19% (3.11, 9.37%)* | 7.52% (−5.53, 22.38%) | −19.36% (−23.35, −15.16%)* | −20.09% (−22.63, −17.47%)* |
| Unknown | 0.16% (−4.50, 5.05%) | −4.40% (−10.51, 2.12%) | −19.09% (−33.70, −1.25%)* | 0.72% (−7.28, 9.42%) | 1.82% (−3.48, 7.41%) |
| Calendar year | −1.14% (−1.29, −0.99%)* | 2.85% (2.66, 3.04%)* | 4.09% (2.41, 5.79%)* | −8.48% (−8.76, −8.20%)* | −5.22% (−5.39, −5.06%)* |
| Year from COPD diagnosis | 5.88% (5.71, 6.05%)* | 6.38% (6.18, 6.58%)* | 6.93% (6.37, 7.51%)* | 9.00% (8.59, 9.42%)* | 5.23% (5.01, 5.45%)* |
| Death | 4.68% (3.21, 6.18%)* | −7.77% (−9.32, −6.20%)* | −1.04% (−12.71, 12.19%) | 48.83% (45.09, 52.67%)* | 14.97% (13.22, 16.75%)* |
| COPD hospitalization | 37.94% (36.44, 39.47%)* | 24.04% (22.38, 25.73%)* | 25.85% (16.77, 35.63%)* | 98.80% (94.07, 103.64%)* | 52.77% (50.83, 54.73%)* |
| COPD-related outpatient visits | |||||
| No outpatient visit | Reference | ||||
| ≥1 GP visit | 84.63% (82.39, 86.89%)* | 103.28% (100.00, 106.62%)* | 219.58% (191.32, 250.59%)* | 131.10% (125.52, 136.82%)* | 100.04% (97.26, 102.85%)* |
| ≥1 Specialist visit | 127.54% (124.13, 131.00%)* | 206.95% (201.02, 212.99%)* | 606.43% (521.80, 702.59%)* | 169.62% (161.40, 178.11%)* | 129.02% (125.02, 133.09%)* |
| Charlson comorbidity score | −1.80% (−2.03, −1.56%)* | −1.71% (−2.01, −1.41%)* | −2.72% (−4.02, −1.39%)* | −2.18% (−2.66, −1.70%)* | −2.04% (−2.31, −1.77%)* |
| History of asthma diagnosis | 93.06% (90.92, 95.22%)* | 67.40% (65.00, 69.84%)* | −0.19% (−6.54, 6.59%) | 42.04% (38.37, 45.81%)* | 93.82% (91.15, 96.54%)* |
| Pulmonary function test | 17.14% (15.85, 18.44%)* | 32.58% (30.74, 34.45%)* | 51.16% (40.39, 62.76%)* | −1.45% (−3.81, 0.97%) | 1.29% (−0.07, 2.68%) |
Notes: *Significant at 0.05 level. aAccording to neighborhood income levels individuals in BC are categorized into five categories based on the total income quantile.
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GP, general practitioner; ICS, inhaled corticosteroids; LABA, long-acting beta-agonists; LAMA, and long-acting muscarinic agents; SABA, short-acting beta-agonists; SAMA, short-acting muscarinic agents.