Fig. 1.

Effects on microbial metabolic activity. Average (±stdev) (A) acetate, (B) propionate, (C) butyrate and (D) lactate levels (mM) during the control (C1-C2; n = 3/donor) and the treatment (TR1-4; n = 3/donor) weeks in the ascending (AC), transverse (TC) and descending colon (DC) of the human gastro-intestinal tract for three human donors tested. For optimal observation of consistent effects over the different donors tested, the average of the three donors is presented per week (n = 9). Statistically significant differences relative to the first control week are indicated with ^*(p < 0.05).