Table 3. Proportions (%) of adhering to a healthy lifestyle1 among men and women according to sex, age group and education.
| 1990–92 | 1997–99 | 2008–11 | Relative change | p# | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990–92 to 2008–11 | |||||
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % | ||
| Total | 9.3 (8.3–10.3) | 13.5 (12.3–14.7) | 14.7 (13.4–16.2) | 58.1 | < .0001 |
| Age | |||||
| 25–34 | 12.6 (11.0–14.4) | 14.9 (12.8–17.2) | 16.3 (13.3–19.7) | 29.4 | 0.08 |
| 35–44 | 8.1 (6.6–9.8) | 13.5 (11.8–15.5) | 15.6 (13.1–18.6) | 92.6 | < .0001 |
| 45–54 | 9.5 (8.0–11.3) | 13.8 (11.6–16.4) | 12.9 (10.9–15.2) | 35.8 | 0.005 |
| 55–69 | 7.8 (6.4–9.5) | 12.2 (10.4–14.3) | 14.7 (12.3–17.4) | 88.5 | < .0001 |
| Education | |||||
| Low | 7.3 (5.9–9.1) | 8.3 (6.5–10.4) | 9.0 (6.4–12.7) | 23.3 | 0.57 |
| Medium | 8.8 (7.8–10.0) | 12.8 (11.6–14.2) | 12.6 (11.0–14.3) | 43.2 | < .0001 |
| High | 12.5 (10.8–14.5) | 19.7 (17.3–22.3) | 22.2 (19.8–24.8) | 77.6 | < .0001 |
| Men | 7.5 (6.4–8.8) | 9.3 (8.1–10.8) | 10.9 (9.4–12.5) | 45.3 | 0.003 |
| Age | |||||
| 25–34 | 11.6 (9.5–14.1) | 10.3 (8.0–13.2) | 13.6 (10.0–18.2) | 17.2 | 0.40 |
| 35–44 | 5.7 (4.1–8.0) | 8.0 (5.9–10.7) | 12.4 (9.1–16.8) | 117.5 | 0.004 |
| 45–54 | 7.9 (6.0–10.4) | 9.1 (6.7–12.2) | 7.1 (5.0–9.9) | -10.1 | 0.61 |
| 55–69 | 5.7 (4.1–7.8) | 10.1 (7.8–12.8) | 11.3 (8.7–14.5) | 98.2 | 0.003 |
| Education | |||||
| Low | 3.4 (1.9–6.0) | 4.0 (2.0–7.8) | 7.6 (3.9–14.3) | 123.5 | 0.19 |
| Medium | 6.9 (5.8–8.2) | 8.2 (6.7–9.9) | 8.5 (6.9–10.5) | 23.2 | 0.29 |
| High | 10.6 (8.4–13.2) | 13.9 (11.5–16.8) | 16.3 (13.5–19.4) | 53.8 | 0.01 |
| Women | 11.1 (9.9–12.4) | 17.7 (15.9–19.7) | 18.6 (16.6–20.8) | 67.6 | < .0001 |
| Age | |||||
| 25–34 | 13.6 (11.3–16.3) | 19.6 (16.5–23.3) | 19.0 (14.8–24.0) | 39.7 | 0.01 |
| 35–44 | 10.5 (8.4–13.1) | 19.4 (16.4–22.8) | 18.9 (15.4–23.1) | 80.0 | < .0001 |
| 45–54 | 11.2 (9.0–13.7) | 18.7 (15.2–22.7) | 18.9 (15.6–22.6) | 68.8 | 0.0003 |
| 55–69 | 9.8 (7.8–12.2) | 14.3 (11.7–17.4) | 18.0 (14.6–21.9) | 83.7 | 0.0005 |
| Education | |||||
| Low | 9.0 (7.2–11.2) | 10.5 (8.2–13.5) | 10.0 (6.7–14.6) | 11.1 | 0.65 |
| Medium | 10.9 (9.2–12.8) | 17.6 (15.6–19.9) | 16.6 (14.1–19.3) | 52.3 | < .0001 |
| High | 16.4 (13.5–19.9) | 30.4 (25.9–35.2) | 30.3 (26.3–34.6) | 84.8 | < .0001 |
# p for trend
1 Healthy lifestyle index ≥ 4