. 2019 Sep 9;14(9):e0222361. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222361

Table 3. Associations between alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use and job loss at one-year among 18,879 participants from the CONSTANCES cohort, adjusting for age, gender, self-reported health and depressive symptoms, and while stratifying for sociodemographic and occupational factors.

	Type of substance use
	Alcohol^a				Tobacco^b				Cannabis^c
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS	OR	95%CI		p value	OR	95%CI		p value	OR	95%CI		p value
Age (in years)
Less than 30	1.30	0.95	1.79	0.105	1.86	1.40	2.47	<0.001	1.51	1.11	2.04	0.008
Between 30 and 50	1.48	1.17	1.89	0.001	1.47	1.21	1.79	<0.001	1.99	1.55	2.56	<0.001
More than 50	1.82	1.36	2.44	<0.001	1.19	0.90	1.57	0.224	2.84	1.73	4.66	<0.001
Gender
Men	1.55	1.26	1.91	<0.001	1.71	1.39	2.10	<0.001	1.96	1.52	2.53	<0.001
Women	1.45	1.12	1.87	0.005	1.30	1.08	1.57	0.006	1.78	1.37	2.31	<0.001
Education level (2011 ISCED classification)
Levels 0 to 4	1.45	1.12	1.87	0.004	1.51	1.22	1.88	<0.001	1.82	1.33	2.50	<0.001
Levels 5 and 6	1.44	1.09	1.91	0.011	1.33	1.06	1.68	0.015	1.94	1.44	2.62	<0.001
Levels 7 and 8	1.64	1.20	2.24	0.002	1.41	1.05	1.90	0.023	1.79	1.27	2.53	0.001
Occupational grade
Blue-collar worker, craftsman or employee	1.37	1.07	1.76	0.013	1.52	1.25	1.86	<0.001	1.78	1.35	2.36	<0.001
Intermediate worker	1.43	1.02	2.00	0.040	1.45	1.09	1.92	0.010	1.50	1.01	2.24	0.045
Executive	1.76	1.34	2.31	<0.001	1.20	0.92	1.57	0.187	2.30	1.69	3.13	<0.001
Household income(in euros per month)
Less than 2800	1.18	0.94	1.49	0.164	1.54	1.27	1.85	<0.001	1.63	1.28	2.07	<0.001
More than 2800	1.82	1.46	2.27	<0.001	1.23	0.99	1.52	0.054	1.92	1.45	2.55	<0.001
OCCUPATIONAL FACTORS	OR	95%CI		p value	OR	95%CI		p value	OR	95%CI		p value
Effort-reward imbalance ratio^d
First and second tertiles	1.45	1.18	1.78	<0.001	1.45	1.21	1.72	<0.001	1.85	1.48	2.32	<0.001
Third tertile	1.61	1.24	2.09	<0.001	1.50	1.20	1.88	<0.001	1.87	1.37	2.55	<0.001
Type of contract
Open-ended contract	1.50	1.12	1.82	<0.001	1.43	1.20	1.69	<0.001	1.77	1.40	2.25	<0.001
Other type of contract	1.47	1.10	1.96	0.010	1.51	1.19	1.93	0.001	1.57	1.18	2.10	0.002
Type of work time
Full-time	1.56	1.30	1.87	<0.001	1.47	1.25	1.72	<0.001	1.82	1.47	2.24	<0.001
Part-time	1.34	0.94	1.91	0.105	1.50	1.16	2.01	0.002	1.71	1.18	2.49	0.005
History of unemployment during the last three years
No	1.63	1.35	1.97	<0.001	1.34	1.13	1.59	0.001	1.73	1.38	2.17	<0.001
Yes	1.00	0.73	1.38	0.990	1.37	1.05	1.79	0.019	1.59	1.15	2.20	0.006

OR: Odd ratio; 95%CI: Confidence interval at 95%; ISCED: 2011 International Standard Classification of Education

^a Categories are defined from Alcohol Use Disorders Identification scores as follows: Mild (0–7), Dangerous, Problematic and Dependence (8–40), with Mild category as reference

^b Non-smokers is defined as reference category compared to former and current smokers

^c Never used is defined as reference category compared to having already used

^d Computed from 7 items regarding rewards and from 3 items regarding efforts and with all the items assessed on a 4-points likert scale. Adjustments variables were as follows: gender, age in three categories (<30; ≥30 and <50 and ≥50), self-reported health was used as a binary variable from an 8-points Likert scale, and depressive state defined as a total score ≥19 at the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CESD). Significant associations are presented in bold (i.e. p<0.05).