Table E1.
Baseline characteristics of infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis by prenatal ASM exposure and development of recurrent wheeze
| Demographic characteristics | Analytical cohort (n = 900) | ASM exposed with recurrent wheeze (n = 56) | ASM exposed without recurrent wheeze (n = 88) | ASM unexposed with recurrent wheeze (n = 233) | ASM unexposed without recurrent wheeze (n = 523) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrollment (mo), median (IQR) | 3.22 (1.67-6.00) | 4.47 (2.62-7.52) | 2.94 (1.38-5.63) | 3.58 (2.07-6.08) | 2.96 (1.51 -5.91) | .47 |
| Sex | .92 | |||||
| Female | 361 (40) | 20 (36) | 35 (40) | 95 (41) | 211 (40) | |
| Male | 539 (60) | 36 (64) | 53 (60) | 138 (59) | 312 (60) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <.001 | |||||
| NHW | 396 (44) | 32 (57) | 61 (69) | 104 (45) | 199 (38) | |
| NHB | 201 (22) | 10 (18) | 12 (14) | 62 (27) | 117 (22) | |
| Hispanic | 268 (30) | 13 (23) | 14 (16) | 60 (26) | 181 (35) | |
| Other | 35 (4) | 1 (2) | 1 (1) | 7 (3) | 26 (5) | |
| Insurance status | <.001 | |||||
| Private | 367 (41) | 29 (52) | 59 (67) | 84 (36) | 195 (38) | |
| Public | 519 (58) | 25 (45) | 29 (33) | 146 (63) | 319 (61) | |
| Uninsured | 12 (1) | 2 (4) | 0 | 2 (1) | 8 (2) | |
| Median household income | .17 | |||||
| <$40,000 per year | 304 (34) | 14 (25) | 23 (26) | 81 (35) | 186 (36) | |
| ≥$ 40,000 per year | 596 (66) | 42 (75) | 65 (74) | 152 (65) | 337 (64) | |
| Gestational age at birth (wk) | <.001 | |||||
| >40 | 352 (39) | 20 (36) | 18 (20) | 93 (40) | 221 (42) | |
| >37-40 | 382 (42) | 20 (36) | 39 (44) | 101 (43) | 222 (43) | |
| >34-37 | 134 (15) | 10 (18) | 29 (33) | 28 (12) | 67 (13) | |
| >32-34 | 32 (4) | 6 (11) | 2 (2) | 11 (5) | 13 (2) | |
| Birth weight (lb) | .041 | |||||
| <5 | 57 (6) | 7 (13) | 6 (7) | 20 (9) | 24 (5) | |
| ≥5 | 838 (94) | 49 (88) | 82 (93) | 211 (91) | 496 (95) | |
| Mode of delivery | .07 | |||||
| Vaginal | 589 (66) | 28 (50) | 57 (65) | 160 (69) | 344 (66) | |
| C-Section | 310 (34) | 28 (50) | 31 (35) | 73 (31) | 178 (34) | |
| Multiple birth (ie, twin) | <.001 | |||||
| Yes | 41 (5) | 6 (11) | 10 (11) | 6 (3) | 19 (4) | |
| No | 859 (95) | 50 (89) | 78 (89) | 227 (97) | 504 (96) | |
| Maternal antibiotics before labor | .010 | |||||
| Yes | 242 (27) | 22 (40) | 30 (35) | 67 (29) | 123 (24) | |
| No | 647 (73) | 33 (60) | 55 (65) | 161 (71) | 398 (76) | |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | .065 | |||||
| Yes | 123 (14) | 14 (25) | 11 (13) | 34 (15) | 64 (12) | |
| No | 776 (86) | 42 (75) | 77 (88) | 199 (85) | 458 (88) | |
| Maternal history of asthma | <.001 | |||||
| Yes | 192 (21) | 24 (43) | 21 (24) | 60 (26) | 87 (17) | |
| No | 702 (79) | 32 (57) | 66 (76) | 171 (74) | 433 (83) | |
| Maternal history of atopic condition∗ | <.001 | |||||
| Yes | 208 (23) | 22 (39) | 28 (32) | 61 (26) | 97 (19) | |
| No | 689 (77) | 34 (61) | 59 (68) | 172 (74) | 424 (81) |
C-Section, Cesarean section; IQR, interquartile range.
Data are expressed as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
∗
Atopic conditions include asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and eczema.