Table 3.

Factors associated with current smoking among head-of-household respondents, stratified by household poverty status: 2015 Panel Study of Income Dynamics.

Characteristics	Total sample	At/below poverty (≤100% FPL)	Above poverty (>100% FPL)
	Adj PR (95% CI)	Adj PR (95% CI)	Adj PR (95% CI)
Sex
Female	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Male	1.37 (1.22, 1.54)	1.39 (1.12, 1.72)	1.37 (1.18, 1.60)
Age
18–39 years	1.00 (0.87, 1.16)	0.98 (0.74, 1.28)	0.99 (0.82, 1.19)
40–54 years	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
55 and older	0.67 (0.55, 0.81)	0.56 (0.37, 0.83)	0.72 (0.58, 0.90)
Race/ethnicity
African American/Black	0.86 (0.72, 1.03)	0.72 (0.57, 0.92)	0.90 (0.72, 1.12)
White, non-Hispanic	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Another race/ethnicity	0.63 (0.47, 0.85)	0.42 (0.22, 0.78)	0.69 (0.49, 0.97)
Education level
<12 years	1.31 (1.11, 1.55)	1.01 (0.81, 1.25)	1.42 (1.17, 1.73)
12 years	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
13 or more years	0.52 (0.46, 0.59)	0.51 (0.35, 0.75)	0.53 (0.46, 0.62)
Marital status
Married	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Not married	1.84 (1.60, 2.11)	1.29 (0.93, 1.79)	1.86 (1.57, 2.20)
Employment status
Working now	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Not working now	1.07 (0.91, 1.26)	1.15 (0.93, 1.44)	0.97 (0.79, 1.19)
Alcohol use, past year
No	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Yes	1.16 (1.03, 1.32)	1.29 (0.99, 1.67)	1.17 (1.00, 1.36)
Psychological distress and food insecurity
No psychological distress and no food insecurity	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)	1 (Ref)
Food insecurity without psychological distress	1.85 (1.50, 2.27)	1.73 (1.20, 2.49)	1.79 (1.36, 2.37)
Psychological distress without food insecurity	1.41 (1.23, 1.61)	1.17 (0.72, 1.91)	1.44 (1.25, 1.65)
Psychological distress with food insecurity	2.06 (1.79, 2.36)	1.82 (1.35, 2.45)	2.04 (1.72, 2.40)

Note. FPL = federal poverty level; Adj PR = adjusted prevalence ratio; CI = confidence interval; Psychological distress and food insecurity variable based on n of 8876.