Table 1.
Association between canine ESR1 SNPs and clinicopathological features of canine mammary tumours
| Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (n = number of cases) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinicopathological Variables | rs397512133 | p | rs397510462 | p | rs851327560 | P | rs397510612 | P | rs852887655 | p | rs852684753 | p | rs852398698 | P | |||||||
| GG (n/%) | A Allele (n/%) | GG (n/%) | A allele (n/%) | TT (n/%) | C allele (n/%) | TT (n/%) | C allele (n/%) | GG (n/%) | A Allele (n/%) | Non DEL (n/%) | Del (n/%) | TTC (n/%) | Del/TTC (n/%) | ||||||||
| Age | |||||||||||||||||||||
| < 10 | 79 (85.9 | 13 (14.1) | 80 (87.0) | 12 (13.0) | 67 (72.8) | 25 (27.2) | 79 (85.9) | 13 (14.1) | 78 (84.8) | 14 (15.2) | 53 (58.2) | 38 (41.8) | 53 (57.6) | 39 (42.4) | |||||||
| ≥ 10 | 46 (78.0) | 13 (22.0) | NS | 44 (74.6) | 15 (25.4) | NS | 35 (59.3) | 24 (40.7) | NS | 44 (74.6) | 15 (25.4) | NS | 49 (83.1) | 10 (16.9) | NS | 31 (53.4) | 27 (46.6) | NS | 31 (52.5) | 28 (47.5) | NS |
| Number of Tumors | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Single | 40 (83.3) | 8 (16.7) | 41 (85.4) | 7 (14.6) | 36 (75.0) | 12 (25.0) | 40 (83.3) | 8 (16.7) | 43 (91.5) | 4 (8.5) | 26 (55.3) | 21 (44.7) | 26 (54.2) | 22 (45.8) | |||||||
| Multiple | 88 (82.2) | 19 (17.8) | NS | 86 (80.4) | 21 (19.6) | NS | 69 (64.5) | 38 (35.5) | NS | 86 (80.4) | 21 (19.6) | NS | 87 (81.3) | 20 (18.7) | NS | 61 (57.5) | 45 (42.5) | NS | 61 (57.0) | 46 (43.0) | NS |
| Tumor Size α | |||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤ 3 cm | 66 (78.6) | 18 (21.4) | 65 (77.4) | 19 (22.6) | 54 (64.3) | 30 (35.7) | 65 (77.4) | 19 (22.6) | 69 (83.1) | 14 (16.9) | 45 (53.6) | 39 (46.4) | 45 (53.6) | 39 (46.4) | |||||||
| > 3 cm | 55 (91.7) | 5 (8.3) | 0.034 | 54 (90.0) | 6 (10.0) | 0.049 | 45 (75.0) | 15 (25.0) | NS | 54 (90.0) | 6 (10.0) | 0.049 | 51 (85.0) | 9 (15.0) | NS | 36 (62.1) | 22 (37.9) | NS | 36 (60.0) | 24 (40.0) | NS |
| Tumor Size (malignant) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤ 3 cm | 35 (76.1) | 11 (23.9) | 34 (73.9) | 12 (26.1) | 26 (56.5) | 20 (43.5) | 34 (73.9) | 12 (26.1) | 35 (76.1) | 11 (23.9) | 26 (56.5) | 20 (43.5) | 26 (56.5) | 20 (43.5) | |||||||
| > 3 cm | 46 (93.9) | 3 (6.1) | 0.014 | 45 (91.8) | 4 (8.2) | 0.020 | 39 (79.6) | 10 (20.4) | 0.016 | 45 (91.8) | 4 (8.2) | 0.020 | 43 (87.8) | 6 (12.2) | NS | 31 (64.6) | 17 (35.4) | NS | 31 (63.3) | 18 (36.7) | NS |
| Histological type | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Benign | 43 (76.8) | 13 (23.2) | 44 (78.6) | 12 (21.4) | 37 (66.1) | 19 (33.9) | 43 (76.8) | 13 (23.2) | 49 (89.1) | 6 (10.9) | 28 (50.9) | 27 (49.1) | 28 (50.0) | 28 (50.0) | |||||||
| Malignant | 85 (85.9) | 14 (14.1) | NS | 83 (83.8) | 16 (16.2) | NS | 68 (68.7) | 31 (31.3) | NS | 83 (83.8) | 16 (16.2) | NS | 81 (81.8) | 18 (18.2) | NS | 59 (60.2) | 39 (39.8) | NS | 59 (59.6) | 40 (40.4) | NS |
| Mode of growth | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Expansive | 31 (81.6) | 7 (18.4) | 29 (76.3) | 9 (23.7) | 23 (60.5) | 15 (39.5) | 29 (76.3) | 9 (23.7) | 32 (84.2) | 6 (15.8) | 22 (59.5) | 15 (40.5) | 22 (57.9) | 16 (42.1) | |||||||
| Infiltrative plus Invasive | 54 (88.5) | 7 (11.5) | NS | 54 (88.5) | 7 (11.5) | NS | 45 (73.8) | 16 (26.2) | NS | 54 (88.5) | 7 (11.5) | NS | 49 (80.3) | 12 (19.7) | NS | 37 (60.7) | 24 (39.3) | NS | 37 (60.7) | 24 (39.3) | NS |
| NHG Parameters | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Tubule formation | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Score 1 plus Score 2 | 12 (70.6) | 5 (29.4) | 12 (70.6) | 5 (29.4) | 8 (47.1) | 9 (52.9) | 12 (70.6) | 5 (29.4) | 36 (73.5) | 13 (26.5) | 24 (49.0) | 25 (51.0) | 24 (49.0) | 25 (51.0) | |||||||
| Score 2 | 29 (90.6) | 3 (9.4) | NS | 29 (90.6) | 3 (9.4) | NS | 23 (71.9) | 9 (28.1) | NS | 29 (90.6) | 3 (9.4) | NS | 26 (92.9) | 2 (7.1) | 0.039 | 21 (77.8) | 6 (22.2) | 0.014 | 21 (75.0) | 7 (25.0) | 0.026 |
| Nuclear pleomorphism | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Score 1 plus Score 2 | 52 (85.2) | 9 (14.8) | 50 (82.0) | 11 (18.0) | 40 (65.6) | 21 (34.4) | 50 (82.0) | 11 (18.0) | 48 (78.7) | 13 (21.3) | 35 (58.3) | 25 (41.7) | 35 (57.4) | 26 (42.6) | |||||||
| Score 2 | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.8) | NS | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.8) | NS | 11 (68.8) | 5 (31.3) | NS | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.8) | NS | 14 (87.5) | 2 (12.5) | NS | 10 (62.5) | 6 (37.5) | NS | 10 (62.5) | 6 (37.5) | NS |
| Mitotic count | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Score 1 plus Score 2 | 44 (83.0) | 9 (17.0) | 43 (81.1) | 10 (18.9) | 34 (64.2) | 19 (35.8) | 43 (81.1) | 10 (18.9) | 41 (77.4) | 12 (22.6) | 29 (55.8) | 23 (44.2) | 29 (54.7) | 24 (45.3) | |||||||
| Score 3 | 21 (87.5) | 3 (12.5) | NS | 20 (83.3) | 4 (16.7) | NS | 17 (70.8) | 7 (29.2) | NS | 20 (83.3) | 4 (16.7) | NS | 21 (87.5) | 3 (12.5) | NS | 16 (66.7) | 8 (33.3) | NS | 16 (66.7) | 8 (33.3) | NS |
| Total score | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Score < 7 | 40 (87.0) | 6 (13.0) | 39 (84.8) | 7 (15.2) | 31 (67.4) | 15 (32.6) | 39 (84.8) | 7 (15.2) | 35 (76.1) | 11 (23.9) | 25 (55.6) | 20 (44.4) | 25 (54.3) | 21 (45.7) | |||||||
| Score ≥ 7 | 25 (80.6) | 6 (19.4) | NS | 24 (77.4) | 7 (22.6) | NS | 20 (64.5) | 11 (35.5) | NS | 24 (77.4) | 7 (22.6) | NS | 27 (87.1) | 4 (12.9) | NS | 20 (64.5) | 11 (35.3) | NS | 20 (64.5) | 11 (35.5) | NS |
| NHG | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Grade I plus Grade II | 50 (82.0) | 11 (18.0) | 49 (80.3) | 12 (19.7) | 38 (62.3) | 23 (37.7) | 49 (80.3) | 12 (19.7) | 47 (77.0) | 14 (23.0) | 33 (55.0) | 27 (45.0) | 33 (54.1) | 28 (45.9) | |||||||
| Grade III | 15 (93.8) | 1 (6.3) | NS | 14 (87.5) | 2 (12.5) | NS | 13 (81.3) | 3 (18.8) | NS | 14 (87.5) | 2 (12.5) | NS | 15 (93.8) | 1 (6.3) | NS | 12 (75.0) | 4 (25.0) | NS | 12 (75.0) | 4 (25.0) | NS |
| Vet-NPI | |||||||||||||||||||||
| ≤ 4.0 | 35 (77.8) | 10 (22.2) | 34 (75.6) | 11 (24.4) | 25 (55.6) | 20 (44.4) | 34 (75.6) | 11 (24.4) | 33 (73.3) | 12 (26.7) | 24 (54.5) | 20 (45.5) | 24 (53.3) | 21 (46.7) | |||||||
| > 4.0 | 29 (93.5) | 2 (6.5) | NS | 28 (90.3) | 3 (9.7) | NS | 25 (80.6) | 6 (19.4) | 0.023 | 28 (90.3) | 3 (9.7) | NS | 28 (90.3) | 3 (9.7) | NS | 20 (64.5) | 11 (35.5) | NS | 20 (64.5) | 11 (35.5) | NS |
| Vascular invasion | |||||||||||||||||||||
| No | 68 (82.9) | 14 (17.1) | 66 (80.5) | 16 (19.5) | 53 (64.6) | 29 (35.4) | 66 (80.5) | 16 (19.5) | 66 (80.5) | 16 (19,5) | 48 (59.3) | 33 (40.7) | 48 (58.5) | 34 (41.5) | |||||||
| Yes | 14 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | NS | 14 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | NS | 12 (85.7) | 2 (14.3) | NS | 14 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | NS | 12 (85.7) | 2 (14.3) | NS | 9 (64.3) | 5 (35.7) | NS | 9 (64.3) | 5 (35.7) | NS |
| Lymph node metastases | |||||||||||||||||||||
| No | 54 (83.1) | 11 (16.9) | 52 (80.0) | 13 (20.0) | 41 (63.1) | 24 (36.9) | 52 (80.0) | 13 (20.0) | 51 (78.5) | 14 (21.5) | 38 (59.4) | 26 (40.6) | 38 (58.5) | 27 (41.5) | |||||||
| Yes | 19 (95.0) | 1 (5.0) | NS | 19 (95.0) | 1 (5.0) | NS | 17 (85.0) | 3 (15.0) | NS | 19 (95.0) | 1 (5.0) | NS | 18 (90.0) | 2 (10.0) | NS | 13 (65.0) | 7 (35.0) | NS | 13 (65.0) | 7 (35.0) | NS |
α Including benign and malignant tumors
Legend: NHG Nottingham histological grade, WHO World Health Organization, vet-NPI Veterinary-adapted Nottingham Prognostic Index