Table 1.

Summary of quality-dependent features used for supervised learning

Number	Feature name	Short description
1	Area of IDT spikes	Area of spikes appearing in the indentation part
2	Curvature at CP	Curvature of the force-distance data at the contact point
3	Flatness of APR residuals	Fraction of the positive-gradient residuals in the approach part
4	Maxima in IDT residuals	Sum of the indentation residuals’ maxima in three intervals in-between 25% and 100% relative to the maximum indentation
5	Monotony of IDT	Change of the gradient in the indentation part
6	Overall IDT residuals	Sum of the residuals in the indentation part
7	Relative APR size	Length of the approach part relative to the indentation part
8	Residuals at CP	Mean value of the residuals around the contact point
9	Residuals in 75% IDT	Sum of the residuals in the indentation part in-between 25% and 100% relative to the maximum indentation
10	Residuals of APR	Absolute sum of the residuals in the approach part
11	Slope of BLN	Slope obtained from a linear least-squares fit to the baseline
12	Variation in BLN	Comparison of the forces at the beginning and at the end of the baseline

The features are visualized in Fig. 4; Abbreviations in feature names: indentation (IDT), contact point (CP), approach (APR), baseline (BLN)