Table 3.
Decomposition of inequality in inpatient service utilization
| Pilot integrated area | Non-integrated area | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marginal effect (βk) |
CIk | Contribution to CI (%) |
Marginal effect (βk) |
CIk | Contribution to CI (%) |
|
| Sex and Age | ||||||
| Male | ||||||
| 15–24(reference) | ||||||
| 25–34 | − 0.033** | 0.063 | −2.00% | −0.026** | − 0.010 | 0.16% |
| 35–44 | − 0.026** | 0.073 | −2.20% | −0.009 | 0.076 | −0.56% |
| 45–54 | − 0.017* | 0.043 | −0.93% | −.0003 | 0.053 | −0.02% |
| 55–64 | −0.006 | −0.071 | 0.62% | 0.028** | −0.065 | −1.78% |
| 65− | 0.019* | −0.106 | −2.49% | 0.058** | −0.065 | −3.43% |
| Female | ||||||
| 15–24 | 0.109** | 0.008 | 0.64% | 0.160** | −0.010 | − 0.78% |
| 25–34 | 0.082** | 0.101 | 8.57% | 0.119** | 0.028 | 2.28% |
| 35–44 | −0.011 | 0.078 | −1.05% | 0 .012 | 0.096 | 1.07% |
| 45–54 | − 0.013 | 0.022 | −0.38% | 0.009 | 0.042 | 0.41% |
| 55–64 | −0.008 | −0.046 | 0.51% | 0.026** | −0.060 | −1.61% |
| 65− | 0.015 | −0.124 | −2.35% | 0.053** | −0.064 | −3.08% |
| Chronic disease | ||||||
| Yes | 0.066** | 0.021 | 4.67% | 0.095** | 0.035 | 7.76% |
| No (reference) | ||||||
| Limitation of daily activities | ||||||
| Yes | 0.060** | −0.126 | −4.95% | 0.041** | − 0.124 | −2.64% |
| No (reference) | ||||||
| Self−assessment health | ||||||
| Very poor | 0.155** | −0.115 | −0.65% | 0.113** | −0.038 | −0.15% |
| Poor | 0.099** | −0.116 | −2.35% | 0.124** | −0.079 | −1.59% |
| Medium | 0.078** | −0.067 | −6.55% | 0.074** | −0.064 | −5.31% |
| Good | 0.027** | −0.010 | −1.35% | 0.023** | 0.003 | 0.25% |
| Very good (reference) | ||||||
| Education | ||||||
| Illiterate (reference) | ||||||
| Primary school | 0.004 | −0.083 | −2.74% | 0.006 | −0.086 | −2.77% |
| Secondary school | −0.06 | 0.138 | −2.17% | −0.002 | 0.179 | −0.69% |
| College and above | −0.015** | 0.389 | −10.81% | −0.008 | 0.442 | −4.02% |
| Occupation status | ||||||
| Unemployment (reference) | ||||||
| Student | −0.055** | 0.059 | −2.09% | −0.066** | 0.150 | −4.13% |
| Peasant | −0.004 | −0.296 | 4.21% | 0.004 | −0.201 | −3.13% |
| Worker | −0.026** | 0.100 | −3.44% | −0.015** | 0.189 | − 1.70% |
| Business | −0.031** | 0.181 | −9.75% | −0.023** | 0.200 | −4.54% |
| Manager | −0.027** | 0.293 | −22.35% | −0.016** | 0.351 | −9.71% |
| Other | −0.017** | 0.052 | −1.16% | −0.017** | 0.062 | −0.93% |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Other (reference) | ||||||
| Married | 0.021** | 0.015 | 3.32% | 0.022** | 0.014 | 2.39% |
| Household income | ||||||
| Quintile I (reference) | ||||||
| Quintile II | 0.033** | −0.400 | −36.32% | 0.028** | −0.400 | −22.00% |
| Quintile III | 0.046** | 0.000 | 0.04% | 0.048** | 0.000 | 0.02% |
| Quintile IV | 0.059** | 0.401 | 65.21% | 0.059** | 0.400 | 47.01% |
| Quintile V | 0.075** | 0.801 | 162.78% | 0.081** | 0.800 | 128.84% |
| Medical insurance | ||||||
| UEBMI | 0.040** | 0.248 | 37.50% | 0.030** | 0.355 | 25.39% |
| URBMI | 0.017* | 0.043 | 0.74% | |||
| NRCMS | 0.014* | −0.184 | −14.17% | |||
| USBMI | 0.029** | 0.277 | 6.07% | |||
| URRBMI | 0.027** | −0.175 | −37.49% | |||
| Mixed−insurance | 0.046** | 0.269 | 9.90% | 0.025** | 0.245 | 3.54% |
| Uninsured and other (reference) | ||||||
| Distance to the nearest health facilities | ||||||
| < 1 km(reference) | ||||||
| 1 − 4 km | 0.008** | −0.061 | −2.56% | 0.008** | −0.101 | −2.77% |
| ≥ 5 km | 0.019** | −0.122 | −0.82% | 0.046** | −0.228 | −2.57% |
| Time to the nearest health facilities | ||||||
| < 15 min (reference) | ||||||
| 15 − 29 min | −0.003 | −0.063 | 0.47% | −0.004 | −0.067 | 0.54% |
| ≥ 30 min | −0.005 | −0.265 | 0.90% | −0.004 | −0.288 | 0.77% |
| Preferred health facilities | ||||||
| Primary facilities (reference) | ||||||
| Non − primary facilities | 0.004 | 0.223 | 3.00% | 0.006* | 0.321 | 3.63% |
| Residence | ||||||
| Urban (reference) | ||||||
| Rural | 0.005* | −0.196 | −6.52% | 0.013** | −0.192 | −12.69% |
| Region | ||||||
| Eastern | −0.029** | 0.059 | −13.05% | −0.038** | 0.087 | −10.12% |
| Middle | −0.014** | −0.135 | 3.13% | −0.013** | −0.002 | 0.09% |
| Western (reference) | ||||||
Quintile I was the poorest 20%,and the Quintile V was the richest 20%
Note:*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01