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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2019 Jun 3;203(2):453–464. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801005

Figure 8. Schematic diagram.

Figure 8

A) LPS activates TLR4, signaling through NFκB to induce cytokines and miR-155. LPS activation also increases glycolysis, providing ATP to augment NFκB transcription and cytokine production. B) Exogenous lactic acid imported through MCT-1 suppresses glycolysis, effectively suppressing NFκB transcriptional activity.