Table 4.

Individual-, Unit-, and Organizational-Level Barriers to Person-Centred Care.

Barriers to person-centered care
Individual	Unit/facility	Organization
Professional practices: role perception, beliefs, and values	Stressful work environment, limited support from leadership, management	Resource allocation, increasing demand on services
Workload, time constraints	Limited opportunities for team working/collaborative practices, limited evidence of integrated working both clinically and managerially	Structure of care, lack of opportunities for clinical staff to influence/be involved in organization of care
	Focus on dialysis delivery, task oriented, routinized, prescriptive work practices