Table 3.
Country-specific sociodemographic associations (Beta standard regression coefficients – with Standard Errors in brackets) for the pessimistic fatalism subscale (Fatpes).
| Germany | Switzerland | Ghana | Nigeria | Mexico | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | .00004 (.001) | −.005 (.001)*** | −.01 (.005) | .002 (.003) | −.005 (.003) |
| Gender: Female | .06 (.03)* | .11 (.06)* | −.11 (.07) | −.06 (.05) | .11 (.06)† |
| Education level a,b | |||||
| Middle | −.04 (.03) a | −.13 (.09) | see b | see b | −.13 (.11) |
| High | −.17 (.04)*** | −.36 (.10)*** | .24 (.12)* | .16 (.11) | −.09 (.12) |
| Civil status | |||||
| Single | .01 (.04) | NA | .01 (.08) | −.02 (.06) | −.13 (.08)† |
| Separated/divorced | .03 (.04) | NA | NA | NA | .04 (.19) |
| Widowed | .003 (.06) | NA | NA | NA | .10 (.28) |
| Settlement form | |||||
| Rural | .08 (.04)* | .03 (.07) | −.03 (.11) | −.15 (.11) | NA |
| Suburban/ agglomeration |
.03 (.03) | .02 (.07) | −.05 (.08) | .05 (.06) | NA |
| Religious affiliation | |||||
| None | −.09 (.03)** | −.15 (.08)† | NA | NA | NA |
| Muslim Denomination | .02 (.09) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Other | −.06 (.11) | −.04 (.13) | NA | NA | NA |
Notes. † .05 < p < .1, * p < . 05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001. References groups were male gender, low/middle levels of education, being married, living in urban settlements, and Christian religious affiliation.
Significant and marginally significant coefficients are printed in bold. aFor Germany, only n = 10 individuals were still in school. These cases were dropped for the regression analyses. bLikewise, cases with low education (n = 1 for Nigeria, and n = 4 for Ghana) were dropped, and education = middle was chosen as reference group instead. All regression analyses were controlled for the other fatalism subscale.