Figure 2.

The potential of therapeutic use of ETV2 in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiac or vascular lesions caused by MI or PAD may be repaired by injecting ETV2, preferably in a non-genetic or non-viral form. In autologous cell transplantation model, reprogrammed endothelial cells can be obtained from non-endothelial cells including skin fibroblasts, peripheral blood or urinary cells via transient expression of ETV2 in these non-endothelial cells. Alternatively, iPSC-derived endothelial cells can be directly generated upon the overexpression of ETV2. Finally, vascular graft containing a patient's own reprogrammed endothelial cells would be an ideal option for repairing large vessels. Although far from being currently feasible, other approaches such as inducing endogenous ETV2 transcription machinery using the Crispr-Cas9 would provide an innovative strategy for vascular repair.