TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of adult inpatients with known or presumptive TB who died, Mendi Provincial Hospital, Mendi, Papua New Guinea, January 2015 to August 2017
| Characteristics | Overall n (%) | Female n (%) | Male n (%) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 90 | 33 | 57 | |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years, median [IQR] | 40 [28–50] | 37 [28–40] | 40 [30–60] | 0.186 |
| Time to residence from Mendi Provincial Hospital, h | ||||
| 0–<3 | 65 (71) | 20 (61) | 44 (77) | 0.131 |
| 3–24 hours | 22 (24) | 10 (30) | 12 (21) | |
| Not recorded | 4 (4) | 3 (9) | 1 (2) | |
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Timing of TB diagnosis | ||||
| Before admission | 16 (18) | 6 (18) | 10 (18) | 0.990 |
| On or after admission | 71 (79) | 26 (79) | 45 (79) | |
| Not recorded | 3 (3) | 1 (3) | 2 (4) | |
| Mode of TB diagnosis | ||||
| Bacteriologically-confirmed | 8 (9) | 0 | 8 (14) | 0.078 |
| Clinically-diagnosed | 69 (77) | 28 (85) | 41 (72) | |
| Not recorded | 13 (14) | 5 (15) | 8 (14) | |
| Type of TB | ||||
| Pulmonary TB only | 34 (38) | 8 (24) | 26 (46) | 0.143 |
| Extrapulmonary TB | 44 (49) | 19 (58) | 25 (42) | |
| Pulmonary TB + Extrapulmonary TB | 11 (12) | 6 (18) | 5 (9) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 (2) | |
| Duration of symptoms at admission,† days, median [IQR] | 28 [21–99] | 84 [28–112] | 28 (14–84) | 0.008 |
| Days from symptom onset to death,† median [IQR] | 63 [30–118] | 98 [42–129] | 51 [16–91] | 0.004 |
| Days from admission to death,‡ median [IQR] | 9 [3–18] | 12 [4–18] | 5 [2–17] | 0.108 |
| Days of TB treatment prior to death,§ median [IQR] | 12 [4–29] | 12.5 [5–32) | 10 [2–29] | 0.385 |
| HIV status at death | ||||
| Negative | 33 (37) | 16 (49) | 17 (30) | 0.046 |
| Positive | 12 (13) | 1 (3) | 11 (19) | |
| Unknown | 45 (50) | 16 (49) | 29 (51) | |
| Haemoglobin on admission; g/dL (median [IQR])¶ | 11 [10–14] | 10 [9–12] | 13 [11–15] | 0.005 |
| Cause of death | ||||
| Directly related to TB | 51 (57) | 21 (64) | 30 (53) | 0.510 |
| Associated with TB | 19 (21) | 5 (15) | 14 (25) | |
| Unlikely to be related to TB | 20 (22) | 7 (21) | 13 (23) | |
* Categorical variables analysed using the χ2 test for differences across all categories; continuous variables analysed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.
† Data not available for one patient.
‡ Data not available for 22 patients.
§ Data not available for 28 patients.
¶ 20 missing (4 females, 16 males).
TB = tuberculosis; IQT = interquartile range; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus.