Table 2.

Association between HIV/sCVD status and CXCR4 expression in non-classical monocytes in regression analysis

	Model 1: unadjusted		Model 2: adjusted for education, study site, history of injection drug use
	Difference in mean MFI (95% CI)	P-value	Difference in mean MFI (95% CI)	P-value
HIV−/sCVD−	Ref.	–	Ref.	–
HIV+/sCVD−	−436 (−761 to −111)	0.009	−552 (−863 to −242)	0.001
HIV−/sCVD+	−412 (−737 to −87)	0.014	−308 (−645 to 30)	0.074
HIV+/sCVD+	−557 (−882 to −232)	0.001	−472 (−782 to −161)	0.003

The study was designed as a case-control observational study. Four groups of participants of the WIHS cohort were stratified by their HIV and sCVD status (HIV−sCVD− vs. HIV−sCVD+ vs. HIV+sCVD− vs. HIV+sCVD+) and were matched based on participant age, smoking status, race/ethnicity, and age of the specimen collection date of PBMC samples.

Regression analysis of these matched samples adjusted for education, study site, and history of injection drug use. Presence of HIV infection and sCVD remained significantly associated with lower CXCR4 expression on non-classical monocytes.

Test for overall difference by HIV/sCVD status: Model 1, P = 0.006; Model 2: P = 0.003.

Groups in each model were matched by age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, and specimen collection date. Test for overall difference by HIV/sCVD status: Model 1, P = 0.006; Model 2: P = 0.003.

MFI, median fluorescence intensity; sCVD, subclinical cardiovascular disease.