Table 2.
In-Laboratory Studies Showing the Effect of Simulated Shift Work on Insulin Resistance
| Study | Day Shift (n) | Night Shift (n) | Age (y) (Mean ± SD or IQR) | BMI (kg/m2) (Mean ± SD) | Shift Work Exposure (d) | Random Order | Method to Measure IR | Effect of CM on IR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wefers (88) | 14 M | 14 M | 22 ± 3 | 22 ± 2 | 2 | Yes | EC | 14% ↑a |
| Qian (89) | 8 M, 6 F | 8 M, 6 F | 28 ± 9 | 25 ± 3 | 1 and 3 | Yes | MM | 17% ↑b |
| Bescos (90) | 4 M, 4 F | 4 M, 5 F | 26 ± 5 | 22 ± 3 | 4 | No | EC | 26% ↑c |
| Leproult (91) | 10 M, 3 F | 9 M, 4 F | 22-26 | 23 ± 3 | 2-4 | No | MM | 55% ↑d |
Abbreviations: ↑, increased; CM, circadian misalignment; EC, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp; F, females; IQR, interquartile range; IR, insulin resistance; M, males; MM, minimal model.
a
P = 0.029.
b
P = 0.0007 (IR was induced after the first day of night shift work and remained unchanged after the third day).
c
P = 0.03.
d
P = 0.011 (only in men).