Table 2.

Associations of Natural Log-Transformed Urinary BPS and BPA and Total Bisphenols and Obesity^a Adjusted for Urinary Creatinine Concentrations in Strata Defined by Sample Characteristics

Characteristic	Prevalence of Obesitya			ln (BPS Concentration)		ln (BPA Concentration)		ln (Total Bisphenols)
	Obese/Total (Unweighted)	Obese in Stratum, %	SE	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Entire sample	381/1820	19.55	1.58	1.19	1.04–1.37	1.04	0.88–1.22	1.06	0.94–1.21
Sex
Male	205/935	19.56	2.19	1.18	0.99–1.42	1.09	0.93–1.28	1.12	0.95–1.31
Female	176/885	19.53	1.76	1.22	1.01–1.48	0.98	0.72–1.34	1.00	0.79–1.26
Age group, y
6–11	193/962	17.59	1.61	1.25	1.03–1.51	1.00	0.80–1.26	1.04	0.82–1.33
12–19	188/858	21.11	2.28	1.18	0.98–1.42	1.10	0.89–1.35	1.08	0.93–1.27
Smoke exposureb
Yes	80/361	22.40	3.89	1.15	0.79–1.66	0.95	0.70–1.29	1.17	0.91–1.51
No	280/1323	19.46	1.61	1.20	1.03–1.39	1.06	0.88–1.28	1.03	0.88–1.21
PIR
Less than median (1.47)	201/827	23.80	1.73	1.06	0.92–1.23	0.92	0.73–1.16	1.02	0.86–1.20
Median or greater	146/837	16.97	2.02	1.27	1.03–1.58	1.08	0.86–1.36	1.07	0.87–1.31
Head of household education level
High school or less	215/848	25.25	2.15	1.07	0.89–1.29	0.96	0.83–1.12	1.05	0.86–1.27
Some college or more	160/913	15.97	1.66	1.28	1.07–1.54	1.01	0.78–1.31	1.02	0.82–1.25
Race/ethnicity
Hispanic	166/629	26.90	1.52	1.21	1.06–1.38	1.18	0.99–1.41	1.22	1.02–1.46
Non-Hispanic white	78/486	15.84	2.40	1.15	0.91–1.47	1.01	0.76–1.34	0.93	0.76–1.13
Non-Hispanic black	96/439	22.68	2.84	1.05	0.83–1.33	0.71	0.44–1.15	0.93	0.67–1.27
Other/multiple	41/266	17.62	3.09	1.14	0.70–1.84	1.30	0.83–2.03	1.73	1.10–2.72
Time spent watching television, h
<2	115/693	15.57	1.98	1.27	1.05–1.53	1.12	0.84–1.50	0.99	0.78–1.26
≥2	266/1127	22.35	1.92	1.14	0.96–1.36	1.00	0.83–1.20	1.11	0.92–1.34
Caloric intakec
USDA cutpoint or less	293/1408	19.13	1.65	1.23	1.06–1.43	1.04	0.83–1.29	1.10	0.96–1.26
Greater than USDA cutpoint	88/412	21.08	3.34	1.05	0.78–1.42	1.03	0.75–1.41	0.93	0.66–1.31

Abbreviation: USDA, US Department of Agriculture.

^aObesity defined as ≥95th percentile of age- and sex-standardized BMI z-scores.

^bComposite variable consisting of serum cotinine concentrations ≥2 ng/mL for 2013 to 2014 and questionnaire proxies for 2015 to 2016.

^cUSDA cutpoint for children with high physical activity.