Table 3.
Effect of the microbial enterotype (E1 and E2) established at 23 wk of age on production traits, thermoregulatory responses, and microbial diversity (least square means) after an acute heat stress in temperate climate
| Item1 | E 1 | E 2 | RSD2 | Statistics3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of pigs | 261 | 265 | ||
| Production and thermoregulatory traits | ||||
| Short-term response (from 23 to 24 wk) | ||||
| ADG, g/d | 590 | 600 | 390 | F, ADG21–23 |
| Change in ST, °C | 2.20 | 2.11 | 0.98 | F, ST19–23 |
| Change in RT, °C | 0.25a | 0.34b | 0.45 | E, RT19–23, E × S |
| Long-term response (from 23 to 26 wk) | ||||
| ADG, g/d | 579 | 589 | 157 | F, ADG21–23, E × S |
| Change in ST, °C | 1.86 | 1.87 | 0.87 | ST19–23 |
| Change in RT, °C | 0.09a | 0.14b | 0.43 | E, RT19–23, E × S |
| Microbial diversity | ||||
| No. of OTU | ||||
| At 23 wk | 2,586a | 2,742b | 226 | E, F |
| Change from 23 to 26 wk | 12 | 41 | 201 | No. of OTU23 |
| Shannon index | ||||
| At 23 wk | 7.18a | 7.25b | 0.19 | E, F |
| Change from 23 to 26 wk | −0.02 | 0.01 | 0.15 | F, Shannon index23 |
1ST = skin temperature; OTU = operational taxonomic unit; RT = rectal temperature.
2Residual standard deviation from an ANOVA model accounting for the enterotype (E), the sex type (S), the sire family (F), the batch, and the interactions E × S. The models for short- or long-term responses also accounted for the ADG between 21 and 23 wk of age (ADG21–23), the ST and the RT between 19 and 23 wk of age (ST19–23 and RT19–23, respectively), the number of OTU and the Shannon index at 23 wk of age (no. of OTU23 and Shannon index23, respectively) for ADG, ST, RT, number of OTU, and Shannon index variations, respectively.
3Significant effects (P < 0.05). Batch effect was significant for all traits and is not reported in the table.
a–bLeast squares means within a row with different superscripts significantly differ (P < 0.05).