Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics and Biological Findings at Admission of the 391 Episodes of IE
| Patient Characteristics | All Patients | Pre-ET (n = 316) | Post-ET (n = 75) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex | 116 (29.7) | 94 (29.7) | 22 (29.3) | .94 |
| Age, y | 65.4 ± 15.7 | 65.0 ± 15.9 | 67.1 ± 14.6 | .31 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.1 ± 5.8 | 26.2 ± 5.7 | 25.7 ± 5.9 | .52 |
| History and risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 232 (59.3) | 186 (58.9) | 46 (61.3) | .69 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 110 (28.1) | 84 (26.6) | 26 (34.7) | .16 |
| Current or former smoker | 193 (49.4) | 158 (50.0) | 35 (46.7) | .60 |
| Chronic renal failure | 66 (16.9) | 49 (15.5) | 17 (22.7) | .14 |
| Hemodialysis | 12 (3.1) | 7 (2.2) | 5 (6.7) | .06 |
| Intravenous drug user | 38 (9.7) | 33 (10.4) | 5 (6.7) | .32 |
| Stroke | 37 (9.5) | 30 (9.5) | 7 (9.3) | .97 |
| Immunosuppression | 68 (18.2) | 54 (18.1) | 14 (18.7) | .91 |
| Cancer (incl. hematological malignancy) | 85 (21.7) | 64 (20.3) | 21 (28.0) | .14 |
| Heart disease | 167 (42.7) | 134 (42.4) | 33 (44.0) | .80 |
| Coronary heart disease | 84 (21.5) | 64 (20.3) | 20 (26.7) | .22 |
| Previous IE | 46 (11.8) | 38 (12.0) | 8 (10.7) | .74 |
| Heart surgery | 144 (36.8) | 124 (39.2) | 20 (26.7) | .04 |
| Intracardiac device (PM or ICD) | 71 (18.2) | 59 (18.7) | 12 (16.0) | .59 |
| Clinical findings | ||||
| Fever | 359 (94.0) | 287 (93.5) | 72 (96.0) | .59 |
| Septic shock | 67 (17.1) | 47 (14.9) | 20 (26.7) | .01 |
| Worsening or new heart murmur | 268 (68.5) | 218 (69.0) | 50 (66.7) | .70 |
| Heart failure | 213 (54.5) | 178 (56.3) | 35 (46.7) | .13 |
| Stroke | 57 (14.6) | 50 (15.8) | 7 (9.3) | .18 |
| Biological findings | ||||
| Positive blood culture | 356 (91.0) | 288 (91.1) | 68 (90.7) | .90 |
| Median glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 74 | 72 | 77.5 | .95 |
| Blood leukocyte count, ×109/L | 14.7 ± 8.2 | 14.4 ± 8.2 | 15.8 ± 8.4 | .25 |
| Serum CRP level, mg/L | 169 ± 103 | 167 ± 105 | 176 ± 99 | .55 |
| Serum BNP level, ng/L | 773 ± 831 | 765 ± 839 | 808 ± 800 | .76 |
| Median serum troponin level, µg/L | 0.165 | 0.16 | 0.17 | .71 |
Data are presented as No. (%) or mean ± SD, if not otherwise specified.
Abbreviations: BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CRP, C-reactive protein; ET, Endocarditis Team; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; IE, infective endocarditis; PM, pacemaker.