. 2019 May 16;104(10):4295–4303. doi: 10.1210/jc.2019-00109

Table 3.

Association Between 50% Increase in Metal(loid) Concentration and Abnormal GLT and Diagnosed GDM

	Abnormal GLT^a				Diagnosed GDM^b
	Crude Model		Adjusted Model^c		Crude Model		Adjusted Model^c
Metal(loid)	Risk Ratio (95% CI)	P	Risk Ratio (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P	OR (95% CI)	P
Zn	1.10 (0.90, 1.35)	0.34	1.18 (0.98, 1.42)	0.09	0.98 (0.59, 1.51)	0.94	1.02 (0.60, 1.58)	0.94
Se	0.99 (0.70, 1.38)	0.94	1.25 (0.90, 1.74)	0.19	1.93 (0.95, 3.78)	0.06	1.79 (1.33, 5.68)	0.01
Cu	1.35 (1.06, 1.71)	0.01	1.53 (1.19, 1.97)	<0.01	1.76 (1.05, 2.97)	0.03	1.67 (0.95, 2.98)	0.08
Mo	0.92 (0.82, 1.02)	0.11	0.86 (0.78, 0.96)	0.01	0.73 (0.58, 0.92)	0.01	0.72 (0.56, 0.92)	0.01

Abbreviations: Cu, copper; Mo, molybdenum; Se, selenium; Zn, zinc.

^{^a}

Glucose level from GLT ≥140 mg/dL.

^{^b}

Diagnosed using the Carpenter-Coustan criteria.

^{^c}

Adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, educational level, full-time employed/student, marital status, family history of diabetes, parity, prepregnancy BMI, physical activity, and gestational week at blood sampling.