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. 2019 Aug 22;13:879. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00879

TABLE 2.

Questionnaire scores from subjects with tinnitus with or without TMJ complaints.

Any tinnitus TFI ≥ 48 THI ≥ 58



TMJ (n = 486) Mean (SD) No TMJ (n = 1996) Mean (SD) TMJ (n = 97) Mean (SD) No TMJ (n = 224) Mean (SD) TMJ (n = 69) Mean (SD) No TMJ (n = 122) Mean (SD)
NRS Lo 44.4 (25.7) 39.8 (25.2) 71.3 (21.3) 71.5 (18.3) 75.3 (17.8) 74.2 (19.7)

3.57; p = 0.0004 (0.0004) 0.29; p = 0.7688 (0.8145) 0.21; p = 0.8314 (0.8908)

NRS Aw 36 (32.1) 32.7 (31.1) 72.8 (26.9) 74.9 (24.9) 73.5 (27) 76.8 (24.3)

2.33; p = 0.02 (0.02) −0.55; p = 0.5799 (0.6691) −0.65; p = 0.514 (0.6903)

NRS An 24.7 (28) 18.7 (24.6) 60.9 (26.6) 60 (27) 63.6 (28.2) 66.7 (26.4)

5.17; p = < 0.0001 (0.0001) 0.23; p = 0.8145 (0.8145) −0.63; p = 0.5285 (0.6903)

THI 28.8 (23.1) 19.6 (19.1) 63.1 (18.3) 58.2 (18.7) 73.3 (12.3) 73.1 (11.5)

9; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 2.15; p = 0.0312 (0.052) 0.05; p = 0.9608 (0.9608)

TFI 27.8 (23.2) 20.1 (19.8) 65.6 (13.3) 63 (11.9) 66.8 (16.8) 66.6 (14.9)

6.9; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 1.52; p = 0.1274 (0.1737) 0.28; p = 0.7817 (0.8908)

PSQ 0.4 (0.2) 0.3 (0.2) 0.6 (0.2) 0.5 (0.2) 0.6 (0.2) 0.5 (0.2)

12.12; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 4.72; p < 0.0001 (0.0001) 2.56; p = 0.0104 (0.052)

HADS_A 8.1 (4.5) 5.6 (3.9) 11.4 (4.6) 8.5 (4.3) 11.8 (4.5) 10 (4.4)

11.01; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 4.93; p < 0.0001 (0.0001) 2.6; p = 0.0092 (0.052)

HADS_D 4.8 (4) 3.3 (3.1) 8.2 (4.3) 6.3 (3.7) 8.5 (4.5) 7.5 (3.7)

7.88; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 4; p < 0.0001 (0.0001) 1.64; p = 0.1008 (0.3024)

FTQ 5.6 (3) 4.5 (2.6) 8.6 (2.9) 8 (3) 9.7 (2.7) 9.2 (2.8)

7.27; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 1.74; p = 0.0825 (0.1238) 1.7; p = 0.0895 (0.3024)

TCS 15.9 (11.5) 11.6 (9.8) 29.2 (9) 26.8 (10.2) 31.4 (7.9) 30.8 (9)

7.56; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 2.23; p = 0.0258 (0.0484) 0.59; p = 0.5522 (0.6903)

HQ 20.6 (9.1) 15.6 (9) 26.6 (7.6) 23.5 (8.8) 27.4 (7.7) 25.6 (8.9)

10.68; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) 3.13; p = 0.0018 (0.0039) 1.39; p = 0.1654 (0.3544)

QoL Phy 14.4 (3) 16 (2.5) 12 (2.8) 13.5 (2.8) 12.1 (3) 12.6 (2.7)

−10.68; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) −4.33; p < 0.0001 (0.0001) −1.27; p = 0.2033 (0.3812)

QoL Psy 13.7 (3) 15.1 (2.5) 11.3 (3.1) 13.2 (2.7) 11 (3.3) 12.4 (2.6)

−9.25; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) −5.02; p < 0.0001 (0.0001) −3.21; p = 0.0013 (0.0195)

QoL social 13.6 (3.3) 14.3 (3) 12.6 (3.8) 13.1 (3.2) 12.9 (3.6) 12.4 (3.4)

−4.76; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) −1.4; p = 0.1603 (0.2004) 0.68; p = 0.4986 (0.6903)

QoL Env 15.5 (2.5) 16.5 (2.1) 13.8 (2.6) 15.1 (2.4) 14.1 (2.8) 14.6 (2.5)

−8.24; p < 0.0001 (<0.0001) −4.1; p < 0.0001 (0.0001) −1.42; p = 0.1552 (0.3544)

Values are mean (±SD). Pairwise comparisons using Wilcoxon’s tests are reported below the compared values. p-Values adjusted for multiple comparisons are shown between parenthesis. NRS, Numerical Ratins Score; Lo, tinnitus loudness; Aw, awareness; An, annoyance; THI, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory; TFI, Tinnitus Functional Index; FTQ, Fear of Tinnitus Questionnaire; TCS, Tinnitus Catastrophising Scale; HQ, Hyperacusis Questionnaire; PSQ, Perceived Stress Questionnaire; HADS A, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scales for Anxiety; HADS D, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scales for Depression; QoL, quality of life; subscales from the World Health Organization: Phy, physical, Psych, psychological; Soc, social; Env, environmental.