(A) Western blot of pMLC levels detected using anti-myosin light chain (phospho S20) antibody in lysates from MDCK II cells cultured in two-dimensional tissue culture dishes. +Dx indicates doxycycline treatment for 1 day to induce the expression of mCherry-KASH1. The effect of 40 μM Y27632 (Y27), 50 μM blebbistatin (Bleb) treatment on pMLC levels are shown; DMSO was included as vehicle control. Also shown is the effect of 1 μg/ml Rho activator II treatment. GAPDH was used as loading control; N ≥ 4 per condition (except Rho activator II, where N = 2). (B) Western blot analysis of pMLC levels detected using anti-Myosin light chain (phospho S20) antibody from MDCK II acini formed through culture in three-dimensional Matrigel™. Doxycycline (Dx) was added to induce expression of mCherry-KASH1ΔPPPL and mCherry-KASH1 for 1 day before seeding cells in Matrigel™, and cells were harvested from acini after 7 days. GAPDH was used as loading control and N = 6 biological replicates were assayed. See also Figure S4 for immunofluorescence data with the anti-Myosin light chain (phospho S20) antibody. (C) Plot shows the normalized pMLC levels corresponding to the data in (a) and (b). Error bars indicate ± SEM (*p<0.05 by student’s t-test for statistical comparisons with Bonferroni corrections for multiple comparisons). (D) Time-lapse DIC and fluorescent images of acini formed over 7 days in three-dimensional culture by uninduced MDCK II cells, followed by treatment with DMSO (vehicle control), 5 nM calyculin A (see Videos S5 and S6) or 2.5 μg/ml Rho activator II (see also Video S7) at time = 0 h. Images are representative of 40 acini that did not collapse out of 43 assayed in 6 different experiments under DMSO treatment, 31 acini that collapsed out of 31 assayed under Calyculin A treatment in 3 different experiments, and 20 acini that collapsed out of 34 assayed under Rho activator II treatment in 3 different experiments. Local thinning is indicated by arrows and local thickening by arrowheads. (E) Plot shows the percentage of acini that collapsed as a function of the dose of Rho activator II (RA). At least 26 acini from 3 independent experiments were assayed for each dose. (F) Plot shows the mean squared fluctuations in acinar thickness (quantified at two locations in each acinus) in uninduced mCherry-KASH1 cells treated with 40μM Y27632, 1 μg/ml Rho activator II (see Video S8) or 50 μM Blebbistatin (see Video S9). DMSO served as vehicle control. Data in the plot represents results from live imaging of at least 6 acini from 3 independent experiments, corresponding to at least 12 time series for each condition.