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. 2019 Sep 10;9:12937. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49419-z

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of G-CSF and GM-CSF on oxidative burst. Neutrophils were treated with single (A) or both CSFs (C) for 50 min, or treated with single (B) or both (D) CSFs and further incubated with 1 μM fMLP for 5 min. ROS production is given as percent of untreated cells (A,C), or cells treated with fMLP (B,D). Concentrations of CSFs are in ng/ml. TNF-α (5 ng/ml) was used as positive control. Results are shown as mean ± SEM of six experiments. Kruskall-Wallis (with Dunn’s test as post hoc test) and Mann-Whitney U-test: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.0001 as compared with untreated controls (A,C) or fMLP-treated samples (B,D).