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. 2019 Sep 4;13:45. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00045

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Copyright © 2019 Bowen, Winkowski, Seshadri, Plenz and Kanold.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Imaging A1 population activity in the awake mouse. (A) Cartoon of awake mouse under the microscope. (B) Wide-field functional imaging identifies A1. Average activation maps from four different sound frequencies and thresholded activity overlaid on image of brain surface. Tonotopic gradient indicates location of A1. Scale bar = 1 mm. (C) Imaging L4 and L2/3. Histogram shows distribution of imaging plane depths across all experiments. (D) Representative fields of view from L2/3 (left) and L4 (right) showing GCaMP6s expression present in both layers. Scale bar: 100 μm. (E) Sound-evoked intracellular calcium responses for three pyramidal neurons in A1 to nine different frequencies (column), and three sound levels (row). Each black line indicates a single trial; five repeats per condition, red line indicates sound stimulus onset. Right: Frequency response areas.