Fig. 4.

Forest plot summarizing the univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis investigating the prognostic ability of wave intensity analysis, catheterization, and MRI hemodynamic indexes to depict clinical functional worsening. Increased indexed backward compression wave [BCW_(i)] and elevated wave speed/pulse wave velocity measured in the main pulmonary artery (c-MPA) were prognostic of functional deterioration. Additionally, reduced indexed forward decompression wave [FDW_(i)] was prognostic of functional worsening. All typical catheterization markers and MRI-derived right ventricular ejection fraction (EF) were prognostics of functional worsening. CI, cardiac index; EDP, end-diastolic pressure; EDVi, end-diastolic volume index; ESVi, end-systolic volume index; FCW_(i), indexed forward compression wave; mPAP, mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PVRi, pulmonary vascular resistance index; RAC-MPA, relative area change of the main pulmonary artery; WRI, wave reflection index.