Table 2.
Characteristics of household contacts of pulmonary TB cases stratified glycemic status
| Characteristics | n/N | DM | preDM | Normoglycemic | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 9 | n = 40 | n = 89 | |||
| Age (years) -median (IQR) | 138/138 | 60.9 (57.5–68.0) | 49.2 (40.0–57.3) | 30.45 (65.83) | < 0.01 |
| Gender | 136/138 | 0.44 | |||
| Male | 5 (55.6) | 21 (52.5) | 30 (34.5) | ||
| Female | 4 (44.4) | 19 (47.5) | 57 (65.5) | ||
| Education | 138/138 | 0.207 | |||
| Primary or secondary | 9 (100.0) | 33 (82.5) | 71 (79.8) | ||
| Technical or university | 0 (0.0) | 7 (17.5) | 18 (20.2) | ||
| Prior TB | 135/138 | 2 (22.2) | 3 (7.7) | 9 (10.3) | 0.618 |
| BCG vaccination | 135/138 | 9 (100.0) | 36 (92.3) | 84 (96.6) | 0.752 |
| Smoking | 135/138 | 0 (0.0) | 7 (17.9) | 12 (13.8) | 0.682 |
| Smokers at home | 135/138 | 2 (22.2) | 6 (15.4) | 11 (12.6) | 0.427 |
| Cannabis use | 134/138 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.185 |
| Illicit drug use | 134/138 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.35 |
| Alcohol use | 134/138 | 2 (22.2) | 22 (56.4) | 25 (29.1) | 0.134 |
| Hypertension | 135/138 | 0 (0.0) | 6 (15.4) | 6 (6.9) | 0.647 |
| Asthma | 135/138 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (7.7) | 7 (8.0) | 0.515 |
| Renal disease | 135/138 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (7.7) | 4 (4.6) | 0.978 |
| Slow scarring | 135/138 | 2 (22.2) | 3 (7.7) | 6 (6.9) | 0.229 |
| Metformin use | 133/138 | 2 (22.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.01 |
| Consanguinity with index case | 135/138 | 3 (33.3) | 3 (7.7) | 15 (17.2) | 0.96 |
| BMI (kg/m2) -median (IQR) | 133/138 | 29.41 (26.9–31.7) | 29.8 (28.1–33.4) | 26.1 (2.9–29.4) | < 0.01 |
| Waist circumference (cm) -median (IQR) | 133/138 | 95 (93–105) | 98 (94–107) | 88 (79–94) | < 0.01 |
| Hb (g/dL) -median (IQR) | 138/138 | 13.2 (12.9–13.7) | 13.6 (12.8–14.6) | 13.1 (12.1–14.2) | 0.151 |
| Anemia | 138/138 | 2 (22.2) | 8 (20.0) | 35 (39.3) | 0.138 |
| FPG (mg /dL) -median (IQR) | 138/138 | 155.60 (134.3–218.3) | 104.6 (102.0–107.9) | 90.9 (87.5–94.2) | < 0.01 |
| HbA1c (%)-median (IQR) | 138/138 | 6.5 (5.9–10.0) | 5.3 (4.8–5.50) | 4.9 (4.6–5.2) | < 0.01 |
| OGTT (mg/dL) -median (IQR) | 124/138 | 91.6 (70.3–107.10) | 107.8 (87.7–119.8) | 91.6 (78.9–101.9) | < 0.01 |
| Polyuria | 138/138 | 5 (55.6) | 7 (17.5) | 19 (21.3) | 0.187 |
| Polydipsia | 138/138 | 3 (33.3) | 14 (35.0) | 19 (21.3) | 0.124 |
| Malaise | 138/138 | 2 (22.2) | 10 (25.0) | 24 (27.0) | 0.721 |
Data represent no. (%); IQR Interquartile range, BCG Bacillus Calmette–Guérin, BMI Body Mass Index, Hb Hemoglobin, FPG Fasting Plasma Glucose, HbA1c Glycated Hemoglobin, OGTT Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. Hypertension, asthma, renal disease and anemia as defined by the World Health Organization as described in Methods