. 2019 Jul 17;121(4):344–350. doi: 10.1038/s41416-019-0525-3

Table 1.

RTL values and clinicopathological characteristics of the studied population

		RTL ratio (RTL tumour/RTL adjacent mucosa)		Age adjusted		RTL tumour		Age adjusted		RTL adjacent mucosa		Age adjusted
		Mean ± SD	Median [IQR]	P value		Mean ± SD	Median [IQR]	P value		Mean ± SD	Median [IQR]	P value
	All				All				All
Sex	n = 661^a				n = 696				n = 677
Male	415	0.85 ± 0.56	0.75 [0.51–1.03]		438	1.27 ± 0.92	1.01 [0.69–1.54]		423	1.94 ± 1.73	1.30 [0.83–2.26]
Female	246	0.76 ± 0.40	0.72 [0.48–0.98]	0.036^a	258	1:21 ± 0.91	0.99 [0.64–1.40]	0.38	254	1.94 ± 1.57	1.32 [0.86–2.42]	0.98
Smoking status	n = 635				n = 671				n = 650
Smokers	276	0.89 ± 0.58	0.78 [0.54–1.08]		293	1.29 ± 1.01	1.01 [0.70–1.49]		285	1.81 ± 1.51	1.25 [0.85–2.16]
Nonsmokers	359	0.76 ± 0.44	0.70 [0.46–0.95]	0.0051^a	378	1.25 ± 0.86	1.02 [0.66–1.56]	0.99	365	2.09 ± 1.80	1.42 [0.87–2.58]	0.017^a
Tumour stage	n = 634				n = 670				n = 650
I (Ref)	88	0.67 ± 0.34	0.62 [0.39–0.90]		95	1.08 ± 0.78	0.86 [0.58–1.39]		91	2.10 ± 2.00	1.35 [0.76–2.10]
II	224	0.84 ± 0.55	0.75 [0.49–1.03]		236	1.23 ± 0.93	0.99 [0.65–1.55]		229	1.91 ± 1.64	1.33 [0.79–2.47]
III	200	0.82 ± 0.49	0.74 [0.51–1.00]		209	1.32 ± 0.93	1.10 [0.74–1.54]		206	1.98 ± 1.66	1.27 [0.89–2.42]
IV	122	0.86 ± 0.51	0.76 [0.53–1.10]	0.0013^a	130	1.38 ± 0.99	1.12 [0.72–1.73]	0.0012^a	124	2.02 ± 1.60	1.49 [0.95–2.35]	0.77
I + II (Ref)	312	0.79 ± 0.51	0.71 [0.46–0.98]		331	1.19 ± 0.89	0.95 [0.63–1.47]		320	1.96 ± 1.75	1.34 [0.79–2.43]
III + IV	322	0.84 ± 0.50	0.75 [0.52–1.03]	0.3	339	1.34 ± 0.95	1.10 [0.74–1.57]	0.095	330	2.00 ± 1.63	1.36 [0.91–2.39]	0.99
Tumour localisation	n = 656				n = 693				n = 672
Proximal (C18.0–C18.4) (Ref)	222	0.78 ± 0.47	0.73 [0.46–0.98]		239	1.02 ± 0.67	0.87 [0.62–1.2]		231	1.73 ± 1.59	1.11 [0.79–1.86]
Distal (C18.5–C19)	272	0.79 ± 0.42	0.71 [0.51–0.98]	0.70	286	1.32 ± 1.07	1.03 [0.65–1.53]	0.0057^a	277	2.03 ± 1.78	1.37 [0.89–2.42]	0.18
Rectum (C20)	162	0.92 ± 0.66	0.80 [0.54–1.11]	0.023^a	168	1.46 ± 0.86	1.27 [0.80–1.91]	< 0.0001^a	164	2.11 ± 1.57	1.50 [0.93–3.05]	0.031^a
Distal (C18.5–C19) (Ref)	272	0.79 ± 0.42	0.71 [0.51–0.98]		286	1.32 ± 1.07	1.03 [0.65–1.53]		277	2.03 ± 1.78	1.37 [0.89–2.42]
Rectum (C20)	162	0.92 ± 0.66	0.80 [0.54–1.11]	0.017^a	168	1.46 ± 0.86	1.27 [0.80–1.91]	0.25	164	2.11 ± 1.57	1.50 [0.93–3.05]	0.65
MSI status	n = 588				n = 614				n = 604
Stable	523	0.81 ± 0.49	0.73 [0.49–1.00]		553	1.34 ± 0.96	1.12 [0.75–1.62]		544	2.10 ± 1.72	1.44 [0.93–2.60]
Unstable	57	0.69 ± 0.36	0.67 [0.39–0.91]	0.098	61	0.90 ± 0.52	0.72 [0.61–1.07]	0.0012^a	60	1.83 ± 1.72	1.39 [0.77–1.99]	0.33
Tumour histology	n = 353				n = 367				n = 358
Mucinous carcinoma	75	0.79 ± 0.54	0.65 [0.49–0.93]		80	1.16 ± 0.64	1.00 [0.66–1.44]		77	1.90 ± 1.55	1.41 [0.92–2.14]
Tubular carcinoma	278	0.74 ± 0.52	0.62 [0.41–0.91]	0.28	287	1.78 ± 1.10	1.46 [1.07–2.13]	< 0.0001^a	281	3.00 ± 1.88	2.31 [1.54–3.98]	<0.0001^a
Tumour grade	n = 629				n = 662				n = 644
Low-grade	519	0.81 ± 0.52	0.72 [0.49–1.01]		546	1.29 ± 0.93	1.01 [0.70–1.57]		532	2.02 ± 1.68	1.39 [0.89–2.52]
High-grade	110	0.88 ± 0.43	0.82 [0.58–1.10]	0.16	116	1.13 ± 0.88	1.0 [0.64–1.32]	0.13	112	1.68 ± 1.71	0.99 [0.72–1.87]	0.051

^aNumbers of patients may not add up to 100% of available subjects because of RTL measurement failure or due to the lack of clinicopathological data