A‐STAR 2006.

Methods	RCT Placebo‐controlled, single or double‐blind? Loss to follow‐up reported: no
Participants	Symptomatic AF in the previous 6 months Type: paroxysmal or recent onset 95%, persistent 5% (mean duration: NS). n = 431 Men: 62% Age (mean): 62 (SD 10) years Structural heart disease: 69%. LAD: NS. LVEF: NS
Interventions	Azimilide 125 mg/day vs placebo Method of AF cardioversion: 100% spontaneous or pharmacological Warfarin discretionary
Outcomes	At 6 months: Mortality Adverse effects Proarrhythmia AF recurrence
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Procedure of randomisation not described.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method of concealment not described.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Placebo‐controlled study, but it was not presented as single or double‐blind.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Few details given on the 61 participants who withdrew from the study.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All prespecified outcomes of interest and main outcomes expected were reported.
Other bias	Low risk	No other bias apparent.