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. 2019 Sep 4;2019(9):CD005049. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005049.pub5

Kochiadakis 2004b.

Methods RCT
Single‐blind
Loss to follow‐up reported: no
Participants Any documented symptomatic previous or persistent AF. Type: paroxysmal or recent onset 59%, persistent 41% (mean duration: 8 months). n = 254
Men: 50%
Age (mean): 63 (SD 10) years
Structural heart disease: 41%. LAD: 44 mm. LVEF: 53%
Interventions Propafenone 450 mg/day vs sotalol 300 mg/day vs placebo
Method of AF cardioversion: both pharmacological and electrical, % NS
Warfarin discretionary
Outcomes At 12 and 24 months:
Mortality
Proarrhythmia
Adverse effects
AF recurrence
Notes  
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Method of randomisation not described.
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Method of concealment not described.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Single‐blind study.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Unclear risk Lost to follow‐up are not clearly described.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk All prespecified outcomes were reported in the prespecified way. All expected outcomes of interest were reported.
Other bias Low risk No other bias apparent.