RIG-I regulates VCAM-1 expression in part by controlling LPS-mediated induction of IRF-1. a RIG-I and IRF-1 mRNA levels were assessed by RT-qPCR in HUVEC transfected with siScr, siIRF-1, or siRIG-I and subsequently treated with vehicle (control) or LPS for 4 h, using GAPDH as a housekeeping gene. Bars represent the mean ± SD of 4 samples from one experiment and are representative of 3 independent experiments. *** p < 0.001. b RIG-I, IRF-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin protein expression in whole cell lysates from siScr, siIRF-1, and siRIG-I transfected HUVEC after vehicle (control) or LPS treatment for 4 h was assayed by Western blot. Actin was used as a reference for protein loading. The Western blots are representative of 3 independent experiments. c Densitometric analysis of IRF-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin protein bands as described in Materials and Methods. Bars represent the mean ± SD of 3 independent experiments. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001.