Table 4.

Linear (Panel A) and Logistic (Panel B) Regression Models With Results Displaying the Relationships Between Nurse Work Environment, Nurse Workload, Patient Acuity, and Missed Nursing Care.^a,b,c,d

	Adjusted for NICU nursing characteristics	Adjusted for nursing and nurse characteristics	Adjusted for NICU nursing, nurse and NICU characteristics
Panel A: OLS model of number of care activities missed, regression coefficient and [95% Cl]
Unit-level measures
Practice environment	−0.29*** [−0.35, −0.22]	−0.26*** [−0.33, −0.20]	−0.26*** [−0.32, −0.20]
Nurse-level measures
Patient load	0.39*** [0.31, 0.46]	0.56*** [0.47, 0.65]
Average acuity		0.30*** [0.24, 0.35]
Acuity-adjusted patient load			0.61*** [0.52, 0.71]
R2	.087	.110	.114
Panel B: Logit model of any missed care, OR and [95% Cl]
Unit-level measures
Practice environment	0.66*** [0.60, 0.73]	0.68*** [0.62, 0.74]	0.68*** [0.62, 0.75]
Nurse-level measures
Patient load	1.75*** [1.61, 1.91]	2.24*** [2.01, 2.49]
Average acuity		1.47*** [1.37, 1.57]
Acuity-adjusted patient load			2.39*** [2.13, 2.68]
Pseudo R2	.068	.083	.083

Note. NICU = neonatal intensive care unit; OLS = ordinary least squares; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. Sample size 5,861. All models control for NICU level and NICU number of beds.

^aWork environment variables are nursing unit level (n = 303).

^bNurse workload is nurse-level (N = 5,861 for work environment; 5,861 for workload and joint models).

^cThe dependent variable is nurse level.

^dResults were considered statistically significant at p < .05 for a two-tailed test.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.