Table 1.

Overview of studies in pooled dataset

Citation	Behavioral treatment conditions	Medication treatment conditions	Length of treatment (weeks)	Length of follow-up (months)	N and sample
Carroll et al., 1998	CBT vs. TSF vs. clinical management	Disulfiram vs. no med.	12	12	122 cocaine and alcohol-dependent outpatients
Carroll et al., 2004	CBT vs. IPT	Disulfiram vs. placebo	12	12	121 cocaine-dependent outpatients
Carroll et al., 2012	TSF vs. TAU	Disulfiram vs. placebo	12	12	112 cocaine-dependent methadone maintained
Carroll et al., 2016	CM+CBT vs. CBT	Disulfiram vs. placebo	12	12	99 cocaine-dependent outpatients
Carroll et al., 2008	CBT4CBT+TAU vs. TAU	–	8	6	45 cocaine-dependent outpatients
Carroll et al., 2014	CBT4CBT+TAU vs. TAU	–	8	6	101 cocaine dependent methadone-maintained
Carroll et al., 2018	CBT4CBT+TAU vs. TAU	Galantamine vs. placebo	12	6	120 cocaine-dependent methadone maintained

Notes: Trials with both behavioral and mediation conditions were four-arm, 2 × 2 factorial designs. CBT = cognitive–behavioral therapy; TSF = twelve-step facilitation; med. = medication; IPT = interpersonal therapy; CM = contingency management; TAU = treatment as usual; CBT4CBT = computer-based training for cognitive-behavioral therapy.