Table 3.
Comparison with Wilcoxon rank sum test and using Bonferroni step-down correction for p-values
| n (%) | Normal liver echogenicity | Pathological liver echogenicity | P-value | Normal liver enzymes (< 25 U/L) | Elevated liver Enzymes (> 25 U/L) | P-value | Normal liver enzymes (< 50 U/L) | Elevated liver Enzymes (> 50 U/L) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
n = 575 (56%) |
n = 458 (44%) |
n = 369 (36%) |
n = 664 (64%) |
n = 859 (83%) |
n = 174 (17%) |
||||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||||||
| Age (years) | 12.7 ± 2.9 | 13.5 ± 2.8 | < 0.0001 | 12.9 ± 2.9 | 13.1 ± 2.8 | n.s. | 12.9 ± 2.9 | 13.8 ± 2.8 | 0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 157.9 ± 14.6 | 161.6 ± 13.5 | n.s. | 158.3 ± 14.2 | 160.2 ± 14.3 | n.s. | 158.7 ± 14.3 | 163.9 ± 13.6 | n.s. |
| Weight (kg) | 79.4 ± 24.6 | 90.3 ± 25.5 | < 0.0001 | 79.5 ± 24.4 | 86.8 ± 25.9 | 0.003 | 82.0 ± 24.8 | 95.3 ± 26.5 | < 0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.2 ± 5.9 | 34.0 ± 6.2 | < 0.0001 | 31.1 ± 6.0 | 33.2 ± 6.1 | < 0.0001 | 31.9 ± 6.1 | 34.9 ± 5.9 | < 0.0001 |
| AST (U/L) | 25.0 ± 15.7 | 33.3 ± 27.4 | < 0.0001 | 14.4 ± 9.3 | 35.8 ± 23.1 | < 0.0001 | 23.2 ± 10.4 | 54.5 ± 38.4 | < 0.0001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 24.9 ± 23.0 | 40.1 ± 37.0 | < 0.0001 | 11.9 ± 9.0 | 42.6 ± 33.3 | < 0.0001 | 22.1 ± 12.3 | 78.5 ± 47.7 | < 0.0001 |
| gammaGT (U/L) | 19.7 ± 17.9 | 27.3 ± 22.9 | < 0.0001 | 14.2 ± 5.2 | 26.2 ± 23.1 | < 0.0001 | 18.2 ± 7.1 | 43.7 ± 38.6 | < 0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 123.9 ± 14.9 | 126.3 ± 14.2 | n.s. | 122.5 ± 15.6 | 126.3 ± 13.9 | 0.0002 | 124.3 ± 14.9 | 128.1 ± 13.1 | 0.016 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.2 ± 10.3 | 74.3 ± 10.5 | n.s. | 72.9 ± 10.3 | 74.1 ± 10.4 | n.s. | 73.3 ± 10.4 | 75.8 ± 10.2 | 0.031 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 128.2 ± 72.1 | 126.0 ± 76.7 | n.s. | 93.2 ± 81.7 | 146.5 ± 61.7 | < 0.0001 | 123.8 ± 75.2 | 144.3 ± 66.1 | n.s. |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 39.5 ± 35.1 | 33.0 ± 21.5 | < 0.0001 | 27.7 ± 32.8 | 41.7 ± 27.0 | < 0.0001 | 36.7 ± 32.1 | 36.2 ± 16.4 | n.s. |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 76.5 ± 46.5 | 76.2 ± 50.9 | n.s. | 54.9 ± 50.3 | 88.7 ± 42.8 | < 0.0001 | 73.7 ± 47.9 | 90.2 ± 49.2 | 0.016 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 78.1 ± 78.0 | 88.4 ± 73.0 | 0.014 | 61.9 ± 77.9 | 94.5 ± 72.2 | < 0.0001 | 78.6 ± 76.7 | 102.6 ± 68.8 | < 0.0001 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 69.9 ± 32.6 | 77.6 ± 50.8 | n.s. | 52.6 ± 40.0 | 84.8 ± 38.3 | < 0.0001 | 71.2 ± 44.4 | 84.4 ± 21.0 | 0.0002 |
| OGTT (mg/dL) | 87.9 ± 43.8 | 96.5 ± 42.6 | n.s. | 66.4 ± 52.6 | 106.6 ± 27.6 | < 0.0001 | 88.2 ± 43.9 | 110.0 ± 35.9 | 0.0006 |
| HbA1C (%) | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 6.1 | n.s. | 6.1 ± 7.8 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | n.s. | 5.6 ± 4.8 | 5.3 ± 0.6 | n.s. |
n (number), ALT Alanine-Aminotransferase, AST Aspartat-Aminotransferase, BMI Body Mass Index, DBP Diastolic Blood Pressure, gammaGT gamma Glutamyltransferase, HbA1C Glycated Haemoglobin, HDL-C High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, LDL-C Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, OGTT Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, SBP Systolic Blood Pressure, TC Total Cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, SD Standard Deviation